The well can rightly be called a symbol of civilization. Since the advent of hydraulic structures, people have abandoned the nomadic way of life, switched to settled. A source of water was at each house plot. But if earlier it was used directly for household needs, now it is also used for decorative purposes, decorating the general design of the estate, a private house.
The finish of the structure is selected depending on the style of the entire site, it must be combined with the exterior of the main building. It can be made of the following materials: savage stone, wood, concrete, plastic, brick, plaster, using other raw materials. The main thing is that the building material is wear-resistant, does not deteriorate from changes in temperature.
Pondering the design of the structure, attention should be paid to the need for periodic maintenance of the krynitsa, namely, cleaning and disinfection. Accordingly, access to the head should be made free, and decor elements should not impede the implementation of auxiliary work.
Conventional facing materials can look rather dull, so often wells are painted with multi-colored paints, they make decorative painting that can be freely done independently, even in the absence of pictorial talents, it is enough to use stencils. In addition to painting, you can use floristry, create a composition of flowers around.
The design can be used for water extraction or for decorative purposes.
If practical application is considered, then it is necessary to protect it from ingress of sewage, for this the head is made higher, a blind area is poured around, it is covered or the roof is installed.
Types of wells
Structures can be used both for water production and for its removal, they are called infiltration and absorbing, respectively. They are depressions in the earth that reach an aquifer. They can go several hundred meters deep (artesian wells). Depending on the type of soil, the required volume of produced water, the depth of its occurrence, the landscape, as well as technical capabilities, key, log, and well wells can be equipped. There are also decorative patterns that are used mainly for aesthetic enjoyment.Consider in detail the existing types:
Key. Construction work does not take much time, material costs are minimal. The main condition is the presence on the surface of the source. For ascending springs that come to the surface due to the violation of the integrity of waterproof rocks, make a concreted round or square platform, deepened by 20 cm. If the key is downward, an additional filter is installed.
Mine. It is constructed on condition that water lies at a depth of 25 meters. It consists of a head, a shaft, a water intake level. Depending on the type of the last of the listed parts, all designs are divided into incomplete, complete, perfect with a sump.
Tubular. Both minor and deep wells are drilled. It is a metal pipe interconnected. Install a filter from below, a hand pump from above. For shallow wells use pipes of the same diameter. Small wells are also called Abyssinian, Norton, deep-water - artesian.
Decorative. Used to decorate the site, as well as masking utilities, in rare cases - like a well with drinking water. They can be additionally decorated with a roof, on which ampelous plants are planted.
Design and functions of the well
Before starting construction, it is necessary to draw up a project. You can do it yourself, download from the Internet. It consists of several stages: General. They include geotechnical data, technical indicators, and the goals pursued. At this stage, it is decided what function the design will perform:
If it acts only as a decor, then it remains to choose a suitable place for installation, to determine the materials of construction, cladding.
For krinitsa, which will be used for drainage, hydrogeological studies of the soil are carried out.If it is water-absorbing, filter models are installed, where moisture is poorly absorbed - accumulative.
Wells that serve as a source of water (plumbing option) also require preliminary studies related to determining the depth of an aquifer. 2. The graphic part. It consists of drawings of the main units, the appearance of the building, the plan of the roof, if any, recommendations for decoration, applied technologies, the location of lighting devices, electric points (socket, light bulb). 3. Specification. It includes materials and equipment used for construction.
Tips and precautions for self-construction of a well
Construction is fraught with danger, since when digging a mine, a person is in a limited enclosed space. Having decided to build the structure with your own hands, you should adhere to certain safety regulations, which boil down to the following points:
The construction site where the work will be carried out is fenced. Then it is cleaned of unnecessary elements that can accidentally fall into the mine. It is forbidden to place heavy devices near the recess. The soil load they create can lead to rock collapse.
Sometimes hazardous gases enter the mine, in which case forced ventilation is established. To check for impurities, an open source of fire goes down.
When deepening, there is a lack of natural light, so it is necessary to have additional light sources, for example, a flashlight mounted on a helmet, a powerful spotlight aimed at the bottom of a dug hole.
It is imperative to provide for personal protective equipment - boots, gloves, suits, helmets.
An observer must be constantly present near the mine, who, in the event of an emergency, takes emergency lifting measures for workers.
As the walls deepen, the shafts periodically strengthen.
Before starting work, the mechanisms used are checked for serviceability.
How to choose a place for a well
There are many popular ways in which a choice is made. You can use dowsing, apply a dowsing frame, look around and find a swarm of insects that curl over the source. However, in order to correctly identify the same place, it is enough to adhere to certain rules:
The construction should not interfere with the use of other objects, for example, flower beds, finished or planned buildings, garden paths.
On the site, you should choose the most elevated place, this will avoid getting into the rainwater, and the soil saturated with it.
The lowest place must be planned for a compost pit, septic tanks, treatment facilities.
The distance from the well to the cesspool should be considered; it is more than 15 meters.
The design should be located near the house, but not too close, the minimum distance exceeds 8 meters.
It is necessary to make a choice on your own, especially if specialists are hired to do the work, who not only do not care where to dig, the main thing for them is how to do it easier, so they will recommend a place where the soil is softer.
The choice of finishing materials
You can perform the work using various building materials. Any of the selected options has its positive and negative qualities. In order not to make a mistake, make the right decision, it is necessary to evaluate the components used.
Tree
Wood can be called a classic material, it is suitable for decorating mines, as well as the basis for the head, well posts, roofing. With its help, decorative decoration is performed, for example, carving, coloring, supplemented by a pattern, image.
Facing with wood has its own characteristics:
The material is inexpensive. It can be found in the market, in construction stores, at sawmills.
Raw materials are malleable to processing.It allows you to create beautiful buildings that harmoniously fit into the overall style of the cottage. There is a tool for work in almost every home.
For improvement, you can use finished finished products, for example, imitation of timber (false), lining, blockhouse. Such components can significantly reduce the time spent on work, get an excellent result.
The design can be additionally decorated with original carved elements.
It is better to install a roof above the mine, which will protect the depression from atmospheric precipitation, leaves, and other foreign objects. In addition, it is an excellent decorative element.
To enrich a storehouse with wood is a great option. However, building material has two important drawbacks - poor resistance to a humid environment, is a good food base for pests. Therefore, before using the raw materials for facing, it must be treated with special varnishes, antiseptics.
Brick and its varieties
There are several types of such building materials - silicate, ceramic, raw. You can finish the structure with any of the following. For example, red brick will give the object a bright color, it will look good on a summer cottage. A universal material is a variant of burnt clay. You can either trim the finished head with it, or completely build it.
For the construction of the krynitsa from brick or its sheathing, certain rules must be adhered to:
The arrangement is made only from raw materials having a full-bodied structure.
The material absorbs moisture, so the surface must be periodically treated with water-resistant varnishes. Apply a layer of plaster when it dries, additionally rub the cement.
For work, it is advisable to use the same building material with which the house is surrounded on the outside.
Masonry is performed both round and square. For the first option, less raw material is used.
The width of the masonry should not exceed the size of two bricks (25 cm).
A rock
Stone designs are popular. Decorate a building with such material is much more expensive than the options considered. But the result is worth it. The output is a stylish structure with increased wear resistance.
The main characteristics of such a cladding are as follows:
For work, you can use both natural and artificial stone.
Small rounded stones and large cobblestones are used for decoration.
The material is used to finish the mine and the head.
If the work is done efficiently, the construction will last more than one decade.
To emphasize the construction, a path from the same building material can be laid out on it, a roof covered with metal tiles can be installed on top.
Finishing materials and their combination methods
In addition to these options, you can use plastic or siding. Design is fast enough. Porcelain or ceramic tiles look good. It can be smooth or rough, matte or glazed, antique. Separately, we can distinguish clinker tiles, consisting of burnt shale clay. Over the years, this material does not change the external structure, is resistant to moisture, resembles brickwork.
If you choose the option of conventional painting and plastering of the structure, then for cladding you do not need to use wood, brick or stone. It is enough to clean the surface of the concrete ring, plaster it, cover it with a primer layer, paint it. Plaster is also often used for brick buildings, and painting in its pure form - for wooden.
Metal and forged elements are mainly used for racks and roofing. Often combined structures are made, for example, barrels made of wooden slats, tied to metal rings.
Design and style
Landscaping is a composition of all the elements located on the site, whether it is an engineering, biological or cultural aspect. Each path, flower garden, buildings must comply with a specific style. Therefore, the decoration of the well should not contradict the general appearance of the site.
There are many relevant options for designing a well. It all depends on the design style, for example:
Russian. It is a wooden blockhouse, where a manual winch is used as a lifting mechanism. Top usually has a roof covered with wood shingles. The surface has carved decorations and paintings.
Medieval. The lining is made of natural stone (cobblestone, granite). Roof supports are made of metal, complemented by forged elements. The roof in the form of a tent, a dome, has a metal coating.
Oriental. Combines wood and stone. The highlight is the roof, characterized by a non-standard view, characteristic of Hindu, Chinese pagodas. For a greater effect, a pond or a decorative waterfall is arranged nearby.
Modern. It is used mainly for decorative buildings that mimic various structures in a reduced form, for example, a mill, a tower.
Nautical. Decorate with ropes that wrap around the outer surface of the base. The handle of the gate is changed to the helm, the bucket to the keg. Nearby are rounded fragments of rocks, shells, and an anchor.
Alpine. A characteristic feature is the absence of racks. The design is due to the fact that the source was used in mountain conditions. The lower part is faced with stone, and the roof with wood.
How to build a house over the well
A well built in a country house or near a house is a sought-after structure. However, the concrete ring emerging from the earth has an unfinished appearance, does not look aesthetically pleasing. In addition, water from open structures is suitable only for irrigation. The situation will save the installation of the house.It protects the mine from various kinds of pollution, provides safety, especially for young children. They can be of two types - open, closed. You can build an add-on yourself. For clarity, consider a master class in which the steps for building a house with a gable roof are described in stages:
First of all, we prepare the base around the mine. We remove part of the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm, fill up a layer of crushed stone, ram it.
We measure the diameter of round heads, and the width of square ones. These data will allow you to calculate the dimensions of the manufactured structure.
At the next stage, we make a frame. To do this, it is enough to use a bar with dimensions of 5x10 cm.
We cut two more beams, the length of which is half from the side of the frame. We fix them perpendicularly on two parallel bars of the frame in the middle. Connect the skate at the top.
We proceed to install the rafters. To do this, the upper ends of the racks are trimmed on both sides at an angle of 45%.
From the side of the door to the frame we fasten the board with a width of more than 40 cm, it will serve as the basis for installing the bucket.
We mount the finished structure on concrete rings, fixing it with bolts.
We install the gate, fasten the door to the frame.
We sheathe the protruding part of the mine and the house itself with boards.
At the final stage, you can decorate the structure.
How to build a canopy for a well
These designs are not limited. They can be round or rectangular, have one or more slopes. A canopy is installed directly on the house or in the ground, concrete, brick, other bases. So, to build such an add-on, we will analyze in detail the following step-by-step master class:
We are preparing the base. Pillars can be installed on a columnar, strip, monolithic foundation. Since the upper part is lightweight, there are no strict requirements for the base, and two profile pipes or round logs are sufficient for support.
After the installation of the supporting poles, professional pipes in their upper part, you can put a finished metal roof, build a frame with your own hands. To do this, in the upper part to the vertical posts we fasten the boards of the supporting harness.
Getting to the collection of roof trusses. It is better to assemble it on the ground, install it ready-made.
After installation, we trim the farm with an OSB board.
We clad the roof with metal tiles, corrugated board, other materials.
Frontons are sewn up with lining, plastic.
Ideas for decorating a decorative well
The construction of decorative structures does not imply their use as a source of water. They are an element of landscape design. Its main purpose is to create an impression. Proper design of the structure, the area around it, approaches, will create a magnificent garden that can delight others.
For registration, you can use any raw material. The most economical option is to use the remains after construction, for example, a log, brick. Any materials at hand, for example, are suitable, for example: birch logs not peeled from the bark, laid out in a circle, stones of different sizes; you can cast the head of concrete, paint it; put the brickwork.
Flowers, ampelous plants look good as decor. Instead of a bucket, you can install an old watering can, a barrel, or do without it at all, placing the original composition in the form of birds in a nest. The standard gate changes well to a wheel, a steering wheel, a steering wheel from an old car.
How to keep a well clean
If Krynitsa serves as a source of drinking water, then care cannot be dispensed with. To prevent the ingress of dust, leaves, debris, the structure must be closed. An elementary way is to cover it with a plastic cover, but it is better to build a house with doors. If a foreign object is detected, it is deleted. Care must also be taken to ensure that no accident occurs, especially with children.To do this, forbid them to play near the well, keep the lid locked. It is forbidden to go down into the mine alone, someone should always be on top to be safe.
If the well is rarely used, then water may stagnate in it, and accordingly it should not be drunk. It is necessary to clean the well. To do this, the fluid is pumped out. To prevent such a situation, a special ventilation pipe is installed in the mine. Its diameter should be 20 cm, and the distance to the water - 15 cm.
There are cases when animals enter the mine. After detecting such an unpleasant fact, the water must be disinfected. To do this, water is pumped out of the krynitsa, the walls are doused with a special chlorine solution (20 g of bleaching lime is added to 1 liter of water). After the mine is filled with water, we again add the solution in the same proportions, close it with a lid so that the chlorine does not disappear. When the water is purified, it can not be consumed in its pure form for several weeks.
To prepare the well for winter and the water in it does not freeze, the lid is kept constantly closed, and the well house is insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Also, to use the structure in the winter, it is cleaned. To do this, water is pumped out of it, then the presence of harmful gases is checked, after which you can go down to the mine. Garbage is removed from the bottom, the walls are cleaned with a metal brush.
Conclusion
The well is a very useful building, it will decorate any yard, both in the summer cottage and in the house. It can be used for practical purposes, to act exclusively as a decorative element. Due to the huge selection of materials for decoration, any design can fit into the landscape design.
The well can rightly be called a symbol of civilization. Since the advent of hydraulic structures, people have abandoned the nomadic way of life, switched to settled. A source of water was at each house plot. But if earlier it was used directly for household needs, now it is also used for decorative purposes, decorating the general design of the estate, a private house.
Content
Design Features
The finish of the structure is selected depending on the style of the entire site, it must be combined with the exterior of the main building. It can be made of the following materials: savage stone, wood, concrete, plastic, brick, plaster, using other raw materials. The main thing is that the building material is wear-resistant, does not deteriorate from changes in temperature.
Pondering the design of the structure, attention should be paid to the need for periodic maintenance of the krynitsa, namely, cleaning and disinfection. Accordingly, access to the head should be made free, and decor elements should not impede the implementation of auxiliary work.
Conventional facing materials can look rather dull, so often wells are painted with multi-colored paints, they make decorative painting that can be freely done independently, even in the absence of pictorial talents, it is enough to use stencils. In addition to painting, you can use floristry, create a composition of flowers around.
If practical application is considered, then it is necessary to protect it from ingress of sewage, for this the head is made higher, a blind area is poured around, it is covered or the roof is installed.
Types of wells
Structures can be used both for water production and for its removal, they are called infiltration and absorbing, respectively. They are depressions in the earth that reach an aquifer. They can go several hundred meters deep (artesian wells). Depending on the type of soil, the required volume of produced water, the depth of its occurrence, the landscape, as well as technical capabilities, key, log, and well wells can be equipped. There are also decorative patterns that are used mainly for aesthetic enjoyment.Consider in detail the existing types:
Design and functions of the well
2. The graphic part. It consists of drawings of the main units, the appearance of the building, the plan of the roof, if any, recommendations for decoration, applied technologies, the location of lighting devices, electric points (socket, light bulb).
3. Specification. It includes materials and equipment used for construction.
Tips and precautions for self-construction of a well
Construction is fraught with danger, since when digging a mine, a person is in a limited enclosed space. Having decided to build the structure with your own hands, you should adhere to certain safety regulations, which boil down to the following points:
How to choose a place for a well
There are many popular ways in which a choice is made. You can use dowsing, apply a dowsing frame, look around and find a swarm of insects that curl over the source. However, in order to correctly identify the same place, it is enough to adhere to certain rules:
The choice of finishing materials
You can perform the work using various building materials. Any of the selected options has its positive and negative qualities. In order not to make a mistake, make the right decision, it is necessary to evaluate the components used.
Tree
Wood can be called a classic material, it is suitable for decorating mines, as well as the basis for the head, well posts, roofing. With its help, decorative decoration is performed, for example, carving, coloring, supplemented by a pattern, image.
Facing with wood has its own characteristics:
To enrich a storehouse with wood is a great option. However, building material has two important drawbacks - poor resistance to a humid environment, is a good food base for pests. Therefore, before using the raw materials for facing, it must be treated with special varnishes, antiseptics.
Brick and its varieties
There are several types of such building materials - silicate, ceramic, raw. You can finish the structure with any of the following. For example, red brick will give the object a bright color, it will look good on a summer cottage. A universal material is a variant of burnt clay. You can either trim the finished head with it, or completely build it.
For the construction of the krynitsa from brick or its sheathing, certain rules must be adhered to:
A rock
Stone designs are popular. Decorate a building with such material is much more expensive than the options considered. But the result is worth it. The output is a stylish structure with increased wear resistance.
The main characteristics of such a cladding are as follows:
Finishing materials and their combination methods
In addition to these options, you can use plastic or siding. Design is fast enough. Porcelain or ceramic tiles look good. It can be smooth or rough, matte or glazed, antique. Separately, we can distinguish clinker tiles, consisting of burnt shale clay. Over the years, this material does not change the external structure, is resistant to moisture, resembles brickwork.
If you choose the option of conventional painting and plastering of the structure, then for cladding you do not need to use wood, brick or stone. It is enough to clean the surface of the concrete ring, plaster it, cover it with a primer layer, paint it. Plaster is also often used for brick buildings, and painting in its pure form - for wooden.
Metal and forged elements are mainly used for racks and roofing. Often combined structures are made, for example, barrels made of wooden slats, tied to metal rings.
Design and style
Landscaping is a composition of all the elements located on the site, whether it is an engineering, biological or cultural aspect. Each path, flower garden, buildings must comply with a specific style. Therefore, the decoration of the well should not contradict the general appearance of the site.
There are many relevant options for designing a well. It all depends on the design style, for example:
How to build a house over the well
A well built in a country house or near a house is a sought-after structure. However, the concrete ring emerging from the earth has an unfinished appearance, does not look aesthetically pleasing. In addition, water from open structures is suitable only for irrigation. The situation will save the installation of the house.It protects the mine from various kinds of pollution, provides safety, especially for young children. They can be of two types - open, closed. You can build an add-on yourself. For clarity, consider a master class in which the steps for building a house with a gable roof are described in stages:
How to build a canopy for a well
These designs are not limited. They can be round or rectangular, have one or more slopes. A canopy is installed directly on the house or in the ground, concrete, brick, other bases. So, to build such an add-on, we will analyze in detail the following step-by-step master class:
Ideas for decorating a decorative well
The construction of decorative structures does not imply their use as a source of water. They are an element of landscape design. Its main purpose is to create an impression. Proper design of the structure, the area around it, approaches, will create a magnificent garden that can delight others.
For registration, you can use any raw material. The most economical option is to use the remains after construction, for example, a log, brick. Any materials at hand, for example, are suitable, for example: birch logs not peeled from the bark, laid out in a circle, stones of different sizes; you can cast the head of concrete, paint it; put the brickwork.
Flowers, ampelous plants look good as decor. Instead of a bucket, you can install an old watering can, a barrel, or do without it at all, placing the original composition in the form of birds in a nest. The standard gate changes well to a wheel, a steering wheel, a steering wheel from an old car.
How to keep a well clean
If Krynitsa serves as a source of drinking water, then care cannot be dispensed with. To prevent the ingress of dust, leaves, debris, the structure must be closed. An elementary way is to cover it with a plastic cover, but it is better to build a house with doors. If a foreign object is detected, it is deleted. Care must also be taken to ensure that no accident occurs, especially with children.To do this, forbid them to play near the well, keep the lid locked. It is forbidden to go down into the mine alone, someone should always be on top to be safe.
If the well is rarely used, then water may stagnate in it, and accordingly it should not be drunk. It is necessary to clean the well. To do this, the fluid is pumped out. To prevent such a situation, a special ventilation pipe is installed in the mine. Its diameter should be 20 cm, and the distance to the water - 15 cm.
There are cases when animals enter the mine. After detecting such an unpleasant fact, the water must be disinfected. To do this, water is pumped out of the krynitsa, the walls are doused with a special chlorine solution (20 g of bleaching lime is added to 1 liter of water). After the mine is filled with water, we again add the solution in the same proportions, close it with a lid so that the chlorine does not disappear. When the water is purified, it can not be consumed in its pure form for several weeks.
To prepare the well for winter and the water in it does not freeze, the lid is kept constantly closed, and the well house is insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene foam. Also, to use the structure in the winter, it is cleaned. To do this, water is pumped out of it, then the presence of harmful gases is checked, after which you can go down to the mine. Garbage is removed from the bottom, the walls are cleaned with a metal brush.
Conclusion
The well is a very useful building, it will decorate any yard, both in the summer cottage and in the house. It can be used for practical purposes, to act exclusively as a decorative element. Due to the huge selection of materials for decoration, any design can fit into the landscape design.