Types and methods of painting walls in the interior +75 photos
The first examples of wall paintings include rock paintings of the Neolithic period. Even leading a primitive lifestyle, a man sought not only to capture what he saw around him, but to make these pictures a decoration of his home. Each drawing was based on only four colors, the pigments of which could be obtained by simple processing of natural materials. They mainly depicted hunting, since this process occupied the lion's share of the time of primitive man and became the meaning of his life. There are also magnificent examples of early abstractionism: randomly arranged handprints on arches and walls, creating a single artistic composition. The man improved, and with him developed the skill of painting. The real "cradle" of this type of art was Ancient Egypt. The frescoes were executed in the manner of laconicism, which was offset by the monumentality of the structures adorned by them.The Egyptians were hardworking and thorough people. The secrets of the compositions for painting and the basics of this science were carefully kept and passed on to the next generation. The central figure of the wall paintings was a man or deity in his guise. The latter were distinguished from mere mortals by animal heads and paraphernalia, which helped to fulfill their destiny (the feather of Maat, the rod of Anubis with dog skin).
The main motive in painting the walls was the relationship between gods and people, as well as battle scenes. The everyday side of life did not fit into the exalted manner of drawing the ancient Egyptians. If she was portrayed, it was only for ritual purposes. In ancient Rome and Greece began to create more mundane paintings. The deities had a completely human appearance, life began to be mentioned much more often. There were bas-reliefs that combined painting and sculpture. Wall painting in the interior began to appear more and more often in the homes of wealthy citizens. At the same time, signs began to be used that designated the prototypes of modern cafes and other public places. In the Middle Ages, church painting began to develop. The interior decoration of temples and cathedrals impressed with its scale and detail. Nowadays, decorative painted walls do not so often decorate the interiors of rooms in ordinary apartments. This tendency was formed after photo printing appeared, which made it possible to produce wallpapers with any images. Many mistakenly believe that only a professional can cope with such an exclusive interior solution, and this will inevitably entail additional costs. In fact, even a novice designer can independently learn the basics of this type of art. In extreme cases, there are templates that will greatly facilitate the work. Let's try to understand the intricacies of the process and choose the best technique for a beginner.
Technology and features of wall painting in the interior
With the help of modern technologies, people have learned to imitate many expensive materials and replace labor-intensive manual work with the fast process carried out by machines. Decor is obtained, as a rule, standard, stamped. In order not to meet a similar decoration in the neighbor’s house, many people create their own wall decoration in the house. Of course, this process will take time and require certain financial and labor costs, but the interior will turn out to be unique, original. That is, among hundreds of rooms with standard decor, your home will become an unusual island of originality. Art painting is used in any room, it is universal. Since there is no limit to human imagination, this method also opens up endless possibilities for the creator. The drawing made qualitatively looks natural and voluminous. With it, you can "replay" the wrong geometry of the room. With the right selection of colors, painting can visually expand the space. Restrictions on size and stylistic decision are set only by you. Naturally, this element will become the center of the design picture, so not a single interior will tolerate hack work. However, it is important to observe the measure even in such a beautiful decor. The best option is the design of only one accent wall in the room. Its surface must be properly prepared before work.
Preparation of the wall for interior painting
The preparatory stage of the surface is conditionally divided into several steps:
Removing a layer of old coating;
Coating slots and leveling defects. Degreasing and plastering;
Primer after drying the surface. This layer will provide a good bond between the paints and the wall;
Final leveling with putty and applying an additional coat of primer.
After the wall dries, it will be ready for painting.
To strengthen the layer of plaster, it is recommended to use a reinforcing mesh.
Paints for wall painting in the interior
For painting walls using several types of paints, each of which has a special composition, which determines the characteristics of the substance. Gone are the days when artists independently selected and mixed pigments, and the recipes were carefully protected from the encroachments of competitors from the art world. So, the following types of paints are used for painting:
Oily, where the binder is drying oil, oil. Gradually become a thing of the past, since working with them will require certain skills. The technology of mixing them is also not amenable to everyone. On the surface, the oil will "live" less than modern counterparts. The reason for this is lime and alkaline salts, which are contained in the material of the walls. They break down oil over time. Paints do not like dark rooms and quickly turn yellow without light, but it lays well on wooden surfaces. The main advantage of the oil is its long drying time. Since this process lasts for several days, the artist can make adjustments to the drawing if necessary.
Tempera (binder - emulsion). The paints dry quite quickly, and several layers allow you to create the effect of volumetric composition. Temper is recommended to be varnished on top to get deep shades. The latter, by the way, after drying, slightly brighten.
Acrylic (binder - acrylic resins). Modern material that is popular. The paints dry quickly, do not contain toxic substances in the composition and form a durable film on the surface. It is similar to a plastic protective “peel”.Acrylic is not afraid of the light or its absence. If the paints are of high quality, then the drawing will live at least 10-15 years. In addition to conventional formulations, luminescent, fluorescent additives are used. Pearl or metallized acrylic is also available.
Before buying expensive paints, listen to the advice of a professional of their choice. So, for example, it is recommended to start with acrylic, and practice gouache, which is remotely similar to it in work.
Remember to purchase a set of brushes. They will be needed to create any paintings, except abstract. It is recommended to pay more for pony brushes or squirrels, as they are softer and do not leave traces of hairs on the surface. The kit must contain tools of different thicknesses to create individual elements of the composition.
Used techniques for creating murals
The mural can be created in various techniques, among which the most popular and spectacular are noted:
Fresco and Alsecco close to it;
Volumetric painting (similar to bas-relief) and sgraffito;
Airbrushing;
Fluorescent acrylic paintings;
Grisaille. It will require high skill, as it is performed in one color of different saturation. The technique is similar to graphics.
Separately, it is worth noting the method using stencils. The option is ideal for beginners who are not confident in their abilities and are afraid to put the first touch on the prepared wall.
Airbrushing
In this technique, instead of brushes and paints, a spray can is used. It sprays the contents above the surface, even its name translates as "drawing by air." Dyes in airbrushing use liquid and powder, but water-soluble acrylic is more popular. The composition lies on any surface, even on wallpaper. You will have to work in a respirator. To master the technique from the first "zilch" few will succeed. Before painting, you will have to practice in order to adapt to an unusual way.Airbrush allows you to draw even tiny details, thereby providing high detail picture. By the way, even the ancient artists who blew the dye from special tubes, owned a similar technique.
Fresco
Since the Middle Ages, the mural technique has been used for interior decoration. The essence of the method is to apply paints to the still not dried plaster. Its composition includes lime, which forms a strong calcium film on the surface of the picture. The disadvantage of this method is the need to work very quickly. For this reason, beginner artists who only master the art of painting are not recommended to resort to technology. For work, water-soluble paints are used.
Alsecco is like a mural. Paints are applied to an already dried, but newly moistened surface.
Painting with fluorescent paints
Fluorescent paints have a feature - glow in the dark. Use transparent or colored formulations. The first in the afternoon are generally invisible as well as the picture. Colored in the daytime look like ordinary paints, which are painted, and at night they transform the walls with a pleasant glow. Quite often, fluorescent compositions decorate drawings made with acrylic or tempera. They highlight accent elements. The fluorescent composition is absolutely safe for humans, it does not emit toxic substances. Such paints recommend depicting simple landscapes without an abundance of small details.
Volumetric painting
Volumetric technique combines modeling with painting. Plaster or plaster is first applied to the prepared surface. Relief elements are formed from material that has not yet been dried. Then, after drying, “stucco” is painted. There is another technique called sgraffito. Originally a way from Italy. Several layers of colored plaster are successively applied to the wall. After it dries with a special sharp tool, they begin to scratch the pattern.The result is a relief image, which, as practice shows, will last more than one year.
Using stencils
Stencils are the best help in situations where the imagination draws fantastic landscapes, and the hands cannot repeat them. Also, the device is used when it is necessary to depict a lot of elements of the same type in order to reduce the time of work. Stencils are usually made of plastic. The plates are washed after use, and they are ready for reuse.
Acrylic painting
Acrylic is considered the most convenient material for beginner designers. Its color "assortment" is rich, and the composition is completely safe for humans. Acrylic can be washed off if necessary, if you want to touch up individual details of the painting. Gradually, after you start to fill your hand, it is recommended to use combinations of techniques to improve skills.
Pattern selection
The figure should correspond to the stylistic solution and the color palette of the room. Particular attention is paid to its location. The perception of the whole interior depends on which wall will be accented. In the loft, smoky paintings and graffiti on brick walls are used. Painting is done using airbrush technique. The romantic Provence style loves floral motifs. Bouquets of wildflowers, peonies, roses, lilies will be the best addition to the interior of the French countryside. Art Nouveau is often repeated masterpieces of painting, which at one time adorned ladies' boudoirs and luxurious salons in a characteristic style. Inimitable art deco prefers thin ligature and ornate ornaments. The Japanese style and minimalism close to him in spirit allow painting thematic for their home country: orchids, pagodas, sakura branches. In ethnic direction, there are practically no restrictions. If the interior imitates a bungalow in the tropics, then the images of the sea and palm trees will be very helpful,but for African motifs, trees with characteristic crowns, elephants, and a “dried up” landscape are used in painting. In addition to style, it is worth considering the functional purpose of the room.
In the living room
Painted in the living room usually correct the flaws. For example, for a small room, it is important to use a drawing with a perspective: paths, terraces or paths that go into the endless distance. The painting can replace the installation of columns or pilasters, and at the same time refine the classic design. A fireplace is a cozy center of any room. It’s not always possible to establish even its imitation, to say nothing of the original. The painted element on the wall with realistic flames will be a wonderful interior addition.
In the bedroom
The bedroom is used exclusively for relaxation, so every piece of furniture in this room should be designed for comfort and relaxation. In the painting, natural motifs usually prevail. Landscapes, panoramas of the water world, greens of lush grass or heads of bright colors will help to calm down and prepare for a good sleep. They paint, as a rule, the wall above the head of the bed, since in most cases it is accent. In the same room, ceilings are often decorated in a similar way. It is not advised to resort to dark tones, which will make the room visually smaller and psychologically put pressure on the owners.
In the nursery
In children's rooms it is recommended to use fluorescent paints for painting. Such a “luminous” coating will create a real fairy tale in the room. For a boy, pictures with space motifs are suitable. For the girl create more delicate landscapes: interiors of castles, magical landscapes. Painting is also used for zoning of space. The reading and study corner can be decorated with a picture depicting trees of “wisdom” with books on shelf branches. Focus on soft, calm tones. The tasteless potpourri of bright colors does not contribute to either sleep or the learning process.
In the kitchen
In the kitchen, the dining area is usually decorated with murals. The subjects depicted for this room are: plates, bread, sweets, cups of coffee or tea, spices. Organically, culinary paintings consisting of various dishes and “juicy” still lifes will look here. In small kitchens, painting should open the space, creating a three-dimensional illusion. Images of French terraces, neat Italian streets, and picturesque landscapes are widely used. To extend the life of the painted surface, it is not recommended to place an accent near the stove or sink. Such a neighborhood will quickly spoil the decorative surface.
Conclusion
The painting refers to one of the oldest methods of decoration. It has been perfected over many centuries. A difficult path of development began in primitive images of hunting little men and led to fantastic murals decorating the vaults of the Sistine Chapel. Similar art monuments were created over the years. Now all the necessary tools and compositions can be bought ready-made, and all that is required from the artist is patience and talent. Arm yourself with them to create a unique interior masterpiece within your own picture, which will become a symbol of victory over yourself and the subject of pride of the author.
The first examples of wall paintings include rock paintings of the Neolithic period. Even leading a primitive lifestyle, a man sought not only to capture what he saw around him, but to make these pictures a decoration of his home. Each drawing was based on only four colors, the pigments of which could be obtained by simple processing of natural materials. They mainly depicted hunting, since this process occupied the lion's share of the time of primitive man and became the meaning of his life. There are also magnificent examples of early abstractionism: randomly arranged handprints on arches and walls, creating a single artistic composition. The man improved, and with him developed the skill of painting. The real "cradle" of this type of art was Ancient Egypt. The frescoes were executed in the manner of laconicism, which was offset by the monumentality of the structures adorned by them.The Egyptians were hardworking and thorough people. The secrets of the compositions for painting and the basics of this science were carefully kept and passed on to the next generation. The central figure of the wall paintings was a man or deity in his guise. The latter were distinguished from mere mortals by animal heads and paraphernalia, which helped to fulfill their destiny (the feather of Maat, the rod of Anubis with dog skin).
The main motive in painting the walls was the relationship between gods and people, as well as battle scenes. The everyday side of life did not fit into the exalted manner of drawing the ancient Egyptians. If she was portrayed, it was only for ritual purposes. In ancient Rome and Greece began to create more mundane paintings. The deities had a completely human appearance, life began to be mentioned much more often. There were bas-reliefs that combined painting and sculpture. Wall painting in the interior began to appear more and more often in the homes of wealthy citizens. At the same time, signs began to be used that designated the prototypes of modern cafes and other public places. In the Middle Ages, church painting began to develop. The interior decoration of temples and cathedrals impressed with its scale and detail. Nowadays, decorative painted walls do not so often decorate the interiors of rooms in ordinary apartments. This tendency was formed after photo printing appeared, which made it possible to produce wallpapers with any images. Many mistakenly believe that only a professional can cope with such an exclusive interior solution, and this will inevitably entail additional costs. In fact, even a novice designer can independently learn the basics of this type of art. In extreme cases, there are templates that will greatly facilitate the work. Let's try to understand the intricacies of the process and choose the best technique for a beginner.
Content
Technology and features of wall painting in the interior
With the help of modern technologies, people have learned to imitate many expensive materials and replace labor-intensive manual work with the fast process carried out by machines. Decor is obtained, as a rule, standard, stamped. In order not to meet a similar decoration in the neighbor’s house, many people create their own wall decoration in the house. Of course, this process will take time and require certain financial and labor costs, but the interior will turn out to be unique, original. That is, among hundreds of rooms with standard decor, your home will become an unusual island of originality. Art painting is used in any room, it is universal. Since there is no limit to human imagination, this method also opens up endless possibilities for the creator. The drawing made qualitatively looks natural and voluminous. With it, you can "replay" the wrong geometry of the room. With the right selection of colors, painting can visually expand the space. Restrictions on size and stylistic decision are set only by you. Naturally, this element will become the center of the design picture, so not a single interior will tolerate hack work. However, it is important to observe the measure even in such a beautiful decor. The best option is the design of only one accent wall in the room. Its surface must be properly prepared before work.
Preparation of the wall for interior painting
The preparatory stage of the surface is conditionally divided into several steps:
After the wall dries, it will be ready for painting.
Paints for wall painting in the interior
For painting walls using several types of paints, each of which has a special composition, which determines the characteristics of the substance. Gone are the days when artists independently selected and mixed pigments, and the recipes were carefully protected from the encroachments of competitors from the art world. So, the following types of paints are used for painting:
Before buying expensive paints, listen to the advice of a professional of their choice. So, for example, it is recommended to start with acrylic, and practice gouache, which is remotely similar to it in work.
Used techniques for creating murals
The mural can be created in various techniques, among which the most popular and spectacular are noted:
Separately, it is worth noting the method using stencils. The option is ideal for beginners who are not confident in their abilities and are afraid to put the first touch on the prepared wall.
Airbrushing
In this technique, instead of brushes and paints, a spray can is used. It sprays the contents above the surface, even its name translates as "drawing by air." Dyes in airbrushing use liquid and powder, but water-soluble acrylic is more popular. The composition lies on any surface, even on wallpaper. You will have to work in a respirator. To master the technique from the first "zilch" few will succeed. Before painting, you will have to practice in order to adapt to an unusual way.Airbrush allows you to draw even tiny details, thereby providing high detail picture. By the way, even the ancient artists who blew the dye from special tubes, owned a similar technique.
Fresco
Since the Middle Ages, the mural technique has been used for interior decoration. The essence of the method is to apply paints to the still not dried plaster. Its composition includes lime, which forms a strong calcium film on the surface of the picture. The disadvantage of this method is the need to work very quickly. For this reason, beginner artists who only master the art of painting are not recommended to resort to technology. For work, water-soluble paints are used.
Painting with fluorescent paints
Fluorescent paints have a feature - glow in the dark. Use transparent or colored formulations. The first in the afternoon are generally invisible as well as the picture. Colored in the daytime look like ordinary paints, which are painted, and at night they transform the walls with a pleasant glow. Quite often, fluorescent compositions decorate drawings made with acrylic or tempera. They highlight accent elements. The fluorescent composition is absolutely safe for humans, it does not emit toxic substances. Such paints recommend depicting simple landscapes without an abundance of small details.
Volumetric painting
Volumetric technique combines modeling with painting. Plaster or plaster is first applied to the prepared surface. Relief elements are formed from material that has not yet been dried. Then, after drying, “stucco” is painted. There is another technique called sgraffito. Originally a way from Italy. Several layers of colored plaster are successively applied to the wall. After it dries with a special sharp tool, they begin to scratch the pattern.The result is a relief image, which, as practice shows, will last more than one year.
Using stencils
Stencils are the best help in situations where the imagination draws fantastic landscapes, and the hands cannot repeat them. Also, the device is used when it is necessary to depict a lot of elements of the same type in order to reduce the time of work. Stencils are usually made of plastic. The plates are washed after use, and they are ready for reuse.
Acrylic painting
Acrylic is considered the most convenient material for beginner designers. Its color "assortment" is rich, and the composition is completely safe for humans. Acrylic can be washed off if necessary, if you want to touch up individual details of the painting. Gradually, after you start to fill your hand, it is recommended to use combinations of techniques to improve skills.
Pattern selection
The figure should correspond to the stylistic solution and the color palette of the room. Particular attention is paid to its location. The perception of the whole interior depends on which wall will be accented. In the loft, smoky paintings and graffiti on brick walls are used. Painting is done using airbrush technique. The romantic Provence style loves floral motifs. Bouquets of wildflowers, peonies, roses, lilies will be the best addition to the interior of the French countryside. Art Nouveau is often repeated masterpieces of painting, which at one time adorned ladies' boudoirs and luxurious salons in a characteristic style. Inimitable art deco prefers thin ligature and ornate ornaments. The Japanese style and minimalism close to him in spirit allow painting thematic for their home country: orchids, pagodas, sakura branches. In ethnic direction, there are practically no restrictions. If the interior imitates a bungalow in the tropics, then the images of the sea and palm trees will be very helpful,but for African motifs, trees with characteristic crowns, elephants, and a “dried up” landscape are used in painting. In addition to style, it is worth considering the functional purpose of the room.
In the living room
Painted in the living room usually correct the flaws. For example, for a small room, it is important to use a drawing with a perspective: paths, terraces or paths that go into the endless distance. The painting can replace the installation of columns or pilasters, and at the same time refine the classic design. A fireplace is a cozy center of any room. It’s not always possible to establish even its imitation, to say nothing of the original. The painted element on the wall with realistic flames will be a wonderful interior addition.
In the bedroom
The bedroom is used exclusively for relaxation, so every piece of furniture in this room should be designed for comfort and relaxation. In the painting, natural motifs usually prevail. Landscapes, panoramas of the water world, greens of lush grass or heads of bright colors will help to calm down and prepare for a good sleep. They paint, as a rule, the wall above the head of the bed, since in most cases it is accent. In the same room, ceilings are often decorated in a similar way. It is not advised to resort to dark tones, which will make the room visually smaller and psychologically put pressure on the owners.
In the nursery
In children's rooms it is recommended to use fluorescent paints for painting. Such a “luminous” coating will create a real fairy tale in the room. For a boy, pictures with space motifs are suitable. For the girl create more delicate landscapes: interiors of castles, magical landscapes. Painting is also used for zoning of space. The reading and study corner can be decorated with a picture depicting trees of “wisdom” with books on shelf branches. Focus on soft, calm tones. The tasteless potpourri of bright colors does not contribute to either sleep or the learning process.
In the kitchen
In the kitchen, the dining area is usually decorated with murals. The subjects depicted for this room are: plates, bread, sweets, cups of coffee or tea, spices. Organically, culinary paintings consisting of various dishes and “juicy” still lifes will look here. In small kitchens, painting should open the space, creating a three-dimensional illusion. Images of French terraces, neat Italian streets, and picturesque landscapes are widely used. To extend the life of the painted surface, it is not recommended to place an accent near the stove or sink. Such a neighborhood will quickly spoil the decorative surface.
Conclusion
The painting refers to one of the oldest methods of decoration. It has been perfected over many centuries. A difficult path of development began in primitive images of hunting little men and led to fantastic murals decorating the vaults of the Sistine Chapel. Similar art monuments were created over the years. Now all the necessary tools and compositions can be bought ready-made, and all that is required from the artist is patience and talent. Arm yourself with them to create a unique interior masterpiece within your own picture, which will become a symbol of victory over yourself and the subject of pride of the author.