Rest in a country house always involves gatherings in nature, which become more comfortable if an arbor is equipped for these purposes. Over time, a small secondary building will become an indispensable place for recreation, where home and guests will gather. Moreover, leisure can be spent not only at the preparation of barbecue or barbecue, but also just drink tea or read books in the fresh air. In the summer, when you do not want to lock yourself in four walls, all meals are transferred to the street. The gazebo will be an ideal place for a leisurely breakfast or a hearty dinner with the "singing" of cicadas. The design of the building plays an important role in the overall stylistic picture of the site. External light sources, decorative ponds, fountains and waterfalls, which bring notes of pacification to outdoor recreation, are added to complex compositions. Let's talk about the types of arbors, their design options and the nuances of construction.
There are several classifications of garden arbors according to certain characteristics. Depending on the material from which the structures are made, they are divided into:
Wooden. They belong to the classic arbors, which will become the decoration of the cottage. For their installation, additional installation of a monolithic foundation is not required, cinder blocks or bricks will suffice. However, the tree must be pre-treated with special impregnation, which will prevent rotting of the material. Otherwise, such a gazebo will last only a few seasons.
Metal. Relatively inexpensive designs, the construction of which can be done with your own hands without outside help. Differ in durability and durability.
Forged. If a unique design idea with a complex ornament will be embodied in your personal plot, then the work of a blacksmith will cost quite expensive. Significantly cheaper to purchase "stamping". With forging, owners will receive an elegant structure, the style of which can be echoed with a fence, bars on the windows or a visor above the porch of the house. A wrought-iron gazebo is combined with wood, brick and stone.
From polycarbonate. The most budget option. Of this material, greenhouses are often erected in the garden zone of the site. Polycarbonate looks aesthetically pleasing and airy. The color scheme of the material allows you to choose the design to match the overall landscape design.
Stone and brick. Relate to the most "monumental" structures. They have an excellent aesthetic appearance, which will fit both in the modern design of the summer cottage and in the "antique" design (classic, provence).
Options from combinations of materials. Here, the design design completely depends on the design project, which is based on the general stylistic decision of the entire site.
Alive. The construction consists of a framework on which plants are woven: grapes, honeysuckle, clematis. This gazebo is in harmony with the eco-style and will be a continuation of the garden on a suburban area.
There is also another classification by type of structure:
Open. These include “live” arbors and structures under awnings (including with a brazier, stove, barbecue for barbecue or barbecue).
Half open. Combined type in which the structure is partially equipped with one or more walls.
Closed. They have full walls with window and doorways. In rare cases, additional insulation of the structure or even arrangement of the heating system is carried out, which allows the room to be used even in winter. This type of gazebo is more like lounges with a complex interior, like in a house.
According to another classification, structures are divided into permanent and temporary. The latter are collected only before the onset of summer, and at the end of the season they are folded and hidden until the next year in a dry and warm place.
Open
Pergolas of the open type are among the simplest structures in the construction. Ideas for a construction project can be independently invented or gleaned from the World Wide Web, and even a beginner can cope with their implementation. There are no strict restrictions on the type of materials, so open gazebos can be either sophisticated, modern designs, or budget options. A good type of structure is that it can be built in just a day of work. Traditionally, construction begins with laying the foundation, and the next step will be the erection of walls or supports for the roof. In this nuance, open-type features can be traced: many think that poles are installed in the corners of such arbors and this is limited to this.In fact, the structure may have walls that perform an exclusively decorative function. They even install window openings without frames and glasses. Such a gazebo has a very decent aesthetic appearance and does not create the impression of a temporary “hut”.
In combined versions, not the entire set of walls is installed, that is, one or two sides can be "open" towards the dance floor or pool on the site.
Closed
Pavilions of a closed type are what are called "solid" buildings. They necessarily have all the walls, glazed windows and are more like detached one-room houses. Construction definitely has a permanent rather than temporary nature. Moreover, the design is designed for both summer and winter holidays. In rare cases, the owners think over the installation of a full-fledged heating system, much more often it is "old-fashioned" replaced with a stove or fireplace. The convenience of having a hearth in the room is obvious: it creates a cozy atmosphere and comfortable rest in the cold season. If necessary, this gazebo can accommodate guests who did not have enough beds in the main house. The only caveat is the need to harvest firewood.
Living
Living arbors are referred to as temporary structures. You can use them only in the summer, since in the cold season the “roof” literally falls off. In addition, for this dominance of flora to form a patterned dome over your head, you will have to wait more than one month, and sometimes a year. Young plants will need time to grow, and transplanted to take. The design will require constant care. Sluggish leaves and "extra" twigs will have to be systematically trimmed so that the structure does not lose its aesthetic beauty and retains a neat appearance. Due to the features of the frame system, live arbors are divided into four types:
With a metal base. Differ in durability.
With wooden frame.It harmonizes beautifully with the greenery of vegetation, but over time the support system will become worthless.
Pergolas. Special frame systems that are designed specifically for weaving plants.
Plastic frame. It refers to cheap options, but the material will not withstand seasonal climate changes for a long time.
In some cases, instead of the man-made basis, live trunks of young trees or vines planted in a special order are used. The roofs of arbors are faded by ivy, hops, clematis, honeysuckle and climbing roses. The main advantage of the design is its uniqueness, because the exterior of the building is simply impossible to repeat.
BBQ arbors
In the design of the barbecue gazebo, there is always a characteristic oven in which you can cook not only meat and vegetables on the grill, but also any gastronomic delights. In most cases, an open type building is being erected, since not everyone will like the smell of smoke, and “picnics” are usually arranged outdoors. However, if the oven is installed in accordance with all the rules and the hood operates as expected, then there will be no problems even with the windows closed. The hearth usually occupies the lion's share of space and at the same time serves as the main advantage of the gazebo. This explains the desire of the owners to come up with an interesting and extraordinary design of the hearth, which in turn is classified into two types:
Built-in (stationary).
Wearable. In temporary designs use more practical foci and barbecue grills for barbecue.
Fire chambers can be wood, coal, gas or electric. Admirers of traditions and culinary gourmets advocate only for the first option. Depending on the type of wood used for kindling, meat and vegetables acquire a unique “smoky” aroma.
Arrangement, shape and size of arbors
The arrangement of the gazebo is planned depending on the type of plot and existing buildings.Usually they try to remove the structure as far as possible from the street and the carriageway, so they install it in the area of a blank fence. The recreation area is adjacent to gardens, playgrounds for children’s games, swimming pools, decorative fountains, ponds and even bathhouses. As for the sizes, they are chosen, focusing on the average number of people who will be going to rest. Also important are the dimensions of the zones inside the structure. If the gazebo will be used only for cooking and eating it, then two functional areas will fit in a small room. In more spacious options, they equip a zone for a good rest (sofas, hammocks, chairs) and even mini-dance floors for active evening leisure. Designs are classified according to the form:
Round. Suitable for those who like to gather the whole family at one big table.
Square or rectangular. A more strict type of arbors, which is suitable for restrained styles (minimalism, Japanese).
Hex. They are considered classic designs that are traditionally made of wood.
A separate classification according to the shape of the roofs is noted:
Dome. Emphasize the features of round arbors.
Shed roofs are considered a universal option.
Double and four-pitched roofs are installed over rectangular and square structures.
Multi-slope options are suitable for structures that have a complex shape.
Stylistic directions
The gazebo usually plays the role of not only a corner for relaxation, but also a highlight of the landscape of private estates. As in the design of residential premises, various stylistic directions are used, each of which has its own characteristics. This primarily concerns the material, type of construction and decoration. A single design idea is supported both in the exterior and interior of the building. Among the variety of styles, timeless classics, fashionable oriental motifs, colorful rustic design, exotic trends and options with stone stoves that can adapt to any decor are noted.
Classic
Classic designs are made of brick, metal or wood.Typically, such arbors are round or multifaceted with a domed roof. In the decoration, designers do without frills. The traditional open type design allows you to use it only for its intended purpose: for summer holidays. Classics is a loose concept, therefore, as an example, you can take strict English buildings, more refined French arbors or Greek with a touch of antique style.
East
To build a gazebo in an oriental style, a combination of metal and wood is used. Chinese designs have a multifaceted shape and a characteristic curved roof. It’s unlikely to be built independently. Inside set low benches, and minimalism prevails in the interior. It would be useful to equip a pond with murmuring waterfalls nearby. If we are talking about the "Arab" east, then the gazebo is made of wood, and the surface is decorated with ornate carvings. Inside, guests are covered with soft pillows. Textiles are given special attention: fabrics should abound in patterns.
Rustic
Village arbors are built exclusively of wood on the principle of a log house, that is, they use logs. It is desirable that the material was minimally processed, thus emphasizing the color of the outback. As support pillars, you can use slingshot trees (which have double trunks) peeled from the bark. The interior decoration will consist of a rough table and a couple of benches. You can decorate the design with carvings with traditional Russian motifs.
The rustic style is much like the forest one. The main difference is only in the method of processing the material: for the latter, the wood is left in its original form. "Forest" arbors are decorated with roots, cones and moss.
Bungalow-style gazebos
The bungalow arbor will bring notes of exotic in design of a site. The construction can have a round or square shape, and is always covered with a characteristic "thatched" roof. The design itself is made of wood.It has an open type, since bungalows came to us from tropical countries with a hot climate, where it is not accepted to close the walls. Light wicker furniture prevails in the interior, which is decorated with a large number of pillows and blankets. Traditionally, a table is placed in the center of the gazebo, and around it are solid benches and chairs.
Pergolas with a stone stove
Designs with stone stoves can be either open or closed. In the second case, the hearth will be used not only for cooking, but also for heating. The presence of a furnace eliminates the need to constantly make a fire in a separate place, which slightly disfigures the landscape of the site with its appearance. The hearth will allow you to transfer all the chores of cooking in warm time to the street and use the gazebo as a summer kitchen.
What is important to know about building a gazebo
Particular attention in the construction of the gazebo should be given to the foundation and floor. The stability of the structure, its durability and even the safety of those inside are dependent on how well they are made. For light, open gazebos that have no walls, you can not worry about the foundation, which can not be said about more monumental structures. The tape type of base is one of the most popular. If such a foundation is laid correctly, then the construction of the "heavy" material (stone or brick) will not be in danger. Pile type is used in cases of risk of soil swelling from cold weather. The foundation of concrete blocks (columnar) is optimal for relatively light wood structures. As for laying the floor, there are special rules. In the off-season, static open-type gazebos will get very wet (the main difference from residential premises). For this reason, it is recommended that you use a simple edged board (not a grooved one) for the floor, which will not trap moisture.In order for the structure to maintain stability, it is better to make intervals of about 40 cm between the lags, that is, they do not save on materials for the frame. Also, special attention is paid to holding a chimney from the stove, if there is one in the gazebo. All possible places of leaks should be timely eliminated.
Choose larch from wood. From constant contact with moisture, it only gets stronger.
We build ourselves
Construction is conditionally divided into several stages:
The choice of place, its cleansing of debris, roots, stumps and grass, leveling the surface.
Digging a hole under the foundation, construction of formwork.
Foundation pouring.
Installation of supporting vertical structures and fixing lags.
The construction of flooring.
Roof installation.
Painting and decoration.
Additionally, a sewage outlet is constructed: they dig a small pit slightly away from the main structure, into which crushed stone is poured alternately with sand.
Conclusion
These light architectural structures first appeared in southern countries with a warm climate. Confirmation of this conjecture are preserved gazebos in France and Italy. Their luxurious design speaks of the importance of building in the life of people who did not spare either effort or time on their design. The fashion for gazebos came to Russia during the time of the Petrine era, which is known for innovative ideas and European motifs. Nowadays, architects and designers have gone further, turning the summer place for privacy into luxurious apartments that can be used regardless of the time of year or weather.
Rest in a country house always involves gatherings in nature, which become more comfortable if an arbor is equipped for these purposes. Over time, a small secondary building will become an indispensable place for recreation, where home and guests will gather. Moreover, leisure can be spent not only at the preparation of barbecue or barbecue, but also just drink tea or read books in the fresh air. In the summer, when you do not want to lock yourself in four walls, all meals are transferred to the street. The gazebo will be an ideal place for a leisurely breakfast or a hearty dinner with the "singing" of cicadas. The design of the building plays an important role in the overall stylistic picture of the site. External light sources, decorative ponds, fountains and waterfalls, which bring notes of pacification to outdoor recreation, are added to complex compositions. Let's talk about the types of arbors, their design options and the nuances of construction.
Content
The main types of arbors
There are several classifications of garden arbors according to certain characteristics. Depending on the material from which the structures are made, they are divided into:
There is also another classification by type of structure:
Open
Pergolas of the open type are among the simplest structures in the construction. Ideas for a construction project can be independently invented or gleaned from the World Wide Web, and even a beginner can cope with their implementation. There are no strict restrictions on the type of materials, so open gazebos can be either sophisticated, modern designs, or budget options. A good type of structure is that it can be built in just a day of work. Traditionally, construction begins with laying the foundation, and the next step will be the erection of walls or supports for the roof. In this nuance, open-type features can be traced: many think that poles are installed in the corners of such arbors and this is limited to this.In fact, the structure may have walls that perform an exclusively decorative function. They even install window openings without frames and glasses. Such a gazebo has a very decent aesthetic appearance and does not create the impression of a temporary “hut”.
Closed
Pavilions of a closed type are what are called "solid" buildings. They necessarily have all the walls, glazed windows and are more like detached one-room houses. Construction definitely has a permanent rather than temporary nature. Moreover, the design is designed for both summer and winter holidays. In rare cases, the owners think over the installation of a full-fledged heating system, much more often it is "old-fashioned" replaced with a stove or fireplace. The convenience of having a hearth in the room is obvious: it creates a cozy atmosphere and comfortable rest in the cold season. If necessary, this gazebo can accommodate guests who did not have enough beds in the main house. The only caveat is the need to harvest firewood.
Living
Living arbors are referred to as temporary structures. You can use them only in the summer, since in the cold season the “roof” literally falls off. In addition, for this dominance of flora to form a patterned dome over your head, you will have to wait more than one month, and sometimes a year. Young plants will need time to grow, and transplanted to take. The design will require constant care. Sluggish leaves and "extra" twigs will have to be systematically trimmed so that the structure does not lose its aesthetic beauty and retains a neat appearance. Due to the features of the frame system, live arbors are divided into four types:
In some cases, instead of the man-made basis, live trunks of young trees or vines planted in a special order are used. The roofs of arbors are faded by ivy, hops, clematis, honeysuckle and climbing roses. The main advantage of the design is its uniqueness, because the exterior of the building is simply impossible to repeat.
BBQ arbors
In the design of the barbecue gazebo, there is always a characteristic oven in which you can cook not only meat and vegetables on the grill, but also any gastronomic delights. In most cases, an open type building is being erected, since not everyone will like the smell of smoke, and “picnics” are usually arranged outdoors. However, if the oven is installed in accordance with all the rules and the hood operates as expected, then there will be no problems even with the windows closed. The hearth usually occupies the lion's share of space and at the same time serves as the main advantage of the gazebo. This explains the desire of the owners to come up with an interesting and extraordinary design of the hearth, which in turn is classified into two types:
Fire chambers can be wood, coal, gas or electric. Admirers of traditions and culinary gourmets advocate only for the first option. Depending on the type of wood used for kindling, meat and vegetables acquire a unique “smoky” aroma.
Arrangement, shape and size of arbors
The arrangement of the gazebo is planned depending on the type of plot and existing buildings.Usually they try to remove the structure as far as possible from the street and the carriageway, so they install it in the area of a blank fence. The recreation area is adjacent to gardens, playgrounds for children’s games, swimming pools, decorative fountains, ponds and even bathhouses. As for the sizes, they are chosen, focusing on the average number of people who will be going to rest. Also important are the dimensions of the zones inside the structure. If the gazebo will be used only for cooking and eating it, then two functional areas will fit in a small room. In more spacious options, they equip a zone for a good rest (sofas, hammocks, chairs) and even mini-dance floors for active evening leisure. Designs are classified according to the form:
A separate classification according to the shape of the roofs is noted:
Stylistic directions
The gazebo usually plays the role of not only a corner for relaxation, but also a highlight of the landscape of private estates. As in the design of residential premises, various stylistic directions are used, each of which has its own characteristics. This primarily concerns the material, type of construction and decoration. A single design idea is supported both in the exterior and interior of the building. Among the variety of styles, timeless classics, fashionable oriental motifs, colorful rustic design, exotic trends and options with stone stoves that can adapt to any decor are noted.
Classic
Classic designs are made of brick, metal or wood.Typically, such arbors are round or multifaceted with a domed roof. In the decoration, designers do without frills. The traditional open type design allows you to use it only for its intended purpose: for summer holidays. Classics is a loose concept, therefore, as an example, you can take strict English buildings, more refined French arbors or Greek with a touch of antique style.
East
To build a gazebo in an oriental style, a combination of metal and wood is used. Chinese designs have a multifaceted shape and a characteristic curved roof. It’s unlikely to be built independently. Inside set low benches, and minimalism prevails in the interior. It would be useful to equip a pond with murmuring waterfalls nearby. If we are talking about the "Arab" east, then the gazebo is made of wood, and the surface is decorated with ornate carvings. Inside, guests are covered with soft pillows. Textiles are given special attention: fabrics should abound in patterns.
Rustic
Village arbors are built exclusively of wood on the principle of a log house, that is, they use logs. It is desirable that the material was minimally processed, thus emphasizing the color of the outback. As support pillars, you can use slingshot trees (which have double trunks) peeled from the bark. The interior decoration will consist of a rough table and a couple of benches. You can decorate the design with carvings with traditional Russian motifs.
Bungalow-style gazebos
The bungalow arbor will bring notes of exotic in design of a site. The construction can have a round or square shape, and is always covered with a characteristic "thatched" roof. The design itself is made of wood.It has an open type, since bungalows came to us from tropical countries with a hot climate, where it is not accepted to close the walls. Light wicker furniture prevails in the interior, which is decorated with a large number of pillows and blankets. Traditionally, a table is placed in the center of the gazebo, and around it are solid benches and chairs.
Pergolas with a stone stove
Designs with stone stoves can be either open or closed. In the second case, the hearth will be used not only for cooking, but also for heating. The presence of a furnace eliminates the need to constantly make a fire in a separate place, which slightly disfigures the landscape of the site with its appearance. The hearth will allow you to transfer all the chores of cooking in warm time to the street and use the gazebo as a summer kitchen.
What is important to know about building a gazebo
Particular attention in the construction of the gazebo should be given to the foundation and floor. The stability of the structure, its durability and even the safety of those inside are dependent on how well they are made. For light, open gazebos that have no walls, you can not worry about the foundation, which can not be said about more monumental structures. The tape type of base is one of the most popular. If such a foundation is laid correctly, then the construction of the "heavy" material (stone or brick) will not be in danger. Pile type is used in cases of risk of soil swelling from cold weather. The foundation of concrete blocks (columnar) is optimal for relatively light wood structures. As for laying the floor, there are special rules. In the off-season, static open-type gazebos will get very wet (the main difference from residential premises). For this reason, it is recommended that you use a simple edged board (not a grooved one) for the floor, which will not trap moisture.In order for the structure to maintain stability, it is better to make intervals of about 40 cm between the lags, that is, they do not save on materials for the frame. Also, special attention is paid to holding a chimney from the stove, if there is one in the gazebo. All possible places of leaks should be timely eliminated.
We build ourselves
Construction is conditionally divided into several stages:
Additionally, a sewage outlet is constructed: they dig a small pit slightly away from the main structure, into which crushed stone is poured alternately with sand.
Conclusion
These light architectural structures first appeared in southern countries with a warm climate. Confirmation of this conjecture are preserved gazebos in France and Italy. Their luxurious design speaks of the importance of building in the life of people who did not spare either effort or time on their design. The fashion for gazebos came to Russia during the time of the Petrine era, which is known for innovative ideas and European motifs. Nowadays, architects and designers have gone further, turning the summer place for privacy into luxurious apartments that can be used regardless of the time of year or weather.