Landscaping of a plot of 8 acres is usually trusted by professionals, as the owners are faced with a difficult task: placing a large number of buildings on a vast territory and creating a unified stylistic picture. In addition to their own desires, it is also necessary to rely on the requirements that the state puts forward to the owners of private plots. The main minimum of buildings usually includes:
Residential country house or cottage;
Kitchen garden, individual beds, flower beds or garden;
Arbor and separate sitting area;
Garage or parking;
Bathhouse or outdoor shower;
Outbuildings (storage room for firewood and "garden" equipment).
In the role of additions are cellars, gazebos, pools, decorative ponds. Without a well-developed plan, it is unlikely that it will be possible to create a landscaped site, the filling of which will look harmonious.
Landscaping is a whole science that cannot be comprehended in a couple of hours. A cottage area of eight hundred square meters is considered quite spacious property that will fit all the necessary facilities for living and recreation. When they are located, they are guided not only by the convenience of moving from the house to the building, but also by the general fire safety rules, sanitary standards. The interests of neighbors are also taken into account: a shadow from a structure or a tall tree, for example, can block the yard with it. When planning, they are guided by the size of the possessions, their shape, landscape features. You need to familiarize yourself with the many nuances that will turn design into a real puzzle, which not everyone can solve.
Normative base
So, the owner of the site has an impressive area, which is a blank sheet. It needs to place all the necessary buildings and decorative objects. When planning them, it is necessary to rely not only on the basics of landscape design, which will provide the territory with a beautiful view, but also on legislation. To build, guided exclusively by their aesthetic taste, unfortunately, will not work. Otherwise, the owner will face heavy fines and even demolition requirements. The regulatory framework includes a set of documents regulating the construction of household and residential buildings. The owner of the site must be familiar with the three fundamental rules and regulations:
Building and layout;
Fire safety basics;
Code of sanitary standards.
If you decide to take all the hardships of planning on yourself and not use ready-made plans or the qualified help of a designer, you still have to attract a consultant. Solely for him to evaluate the project and point out errors if they exist. Paying for a professional at this stage will be much cheaper than rebuilding everything later.
Fire safety
Fire regulations are expressed in the regulation of the minimum permissible distance between buildings of different materials. When designing, focus on the following numbers:
Buildings made of wood (baths, sheds) are positioned so that a minimum distance of 15 m is maintained between them;
Houses made of stone, concrete and brick, which are non-combustible materials, are built from analogues at a distance of 6 m. The minimum distance between them and structures supplemented by wooden ceilings will be 2 m more. The distance to the frame-type buildings made of wood is increased by another 2 m;
Buildings from non-combustible materials with wooden floors are installed from similar houses at a distance of 8 m. For structures made of wood, the distance is increased by 2 m.
In addition to these standards, additional rules should be considered:
Keep a distance of at least 3 m from the summer cottage and the border with neighbors;
For facilities for household needs, the distance is reduced by 2 m;
From the construction of any type to the "red" street line should be at least 5 m.
In order to protect yourself from violations, it is necessary to outline a conditional internal contour on the plan, within the framework of which it is permissible to place structures.
Sanitary standards
In addition to fire regulations, sanitary regulations must also be observed. They are checked with them not only to avoid fines, but also for their own safety. Infectious diseases often arise due to human neglect. If the pipeline is not planned, then you need to worry about digging a well or drilling a well.The former will “feed” from groundwater, which lie beneath the surface of the soil, and the latter will draw resources from deeper layers. Purity of water will help ensure compliance with simple standards. Cesspools or compost pits, structures for keeping poultry and livestock should be placed at a distance of at least 12 m from the well or well.
In addition, the residential building should be at a certain distance from buildings of various types:
Outdoor toilets - at least 13 m;
"Food" trash, dumps and compost heaps - from 9 m;
Summer shower or bathhouse - at least 5 m;
Other buildings that are designed for household needs - from 13 m or more.
There are also rules regarding planting trees and plants:
Flower beds and bushes less than 0.5 m tall are planted at a distance of at least 1 m from the fence;
Tall trees - from 4 m onwards. So that over time, their crown does not block the street or the personal plots of neighbors;
Trees of medium height - from 2-3 m;
The garden and the small garden are recommended to be adapted to the features of the landscape in such a way as to emphasize its strengths and hide flaws.
Planning for site configuration
When planning, they focus on two main aspects:
Land plot landscape;
Features of its form.
First, pay attention to the specifics of the landscape. Few people manage to get a perfectly even piece of land. But any elevations and lowlands can be beaten and emphasized so that they become virtues. For this reason, do not rush to level the surface, because a perfectly smooth area is a boring lot for perfectionists. Decorate the site with terraces, and in the future it will not only have a presentable appearance, but also give an excellent harvest. The fact is that with such a device, the soil will not be washed out, and the water will linger, which will benefit gardening in dry periods and in rainy seasons.Unfortunately, nothing can be done about the shape of the site, so you will have to adapt to it. There are about a dozen of its types, but we note three main ones:
Square. The most optimal form, which will organically accommodate all buildings;
Rectangular A narrow, elongated area involves the placement of all buildings in a row. Although modern design solutions and smooth out the inconvenience, such ownership, as they say, is not for everybody;
Triangular (angular). Typically, such sections intersect only with two neighboring ones and have access to the street and the roadway. It is not recommended to plant fruit trees near it or to break the garden, since road dust will settle not only on the leaves, but also on the fruits.
Location of site facilities or zoning
All structures should be grouped by type. The following functional zones are distinguished:
Living area, which is the conditional center of the entire plot;
Household buildings for household purposes. Sheds, summer kitchens, baths, showers, garages, basements, wells and buildings for storing equipment;
A zone for gardening and horticulture (greenhouses, beds, flowerbeds, greenhouses, front gardens);
A platform for rest. These include pools, ponds, gazebos, barbecue areas and barbecue.
It is not at all necessary to isolate each sector; they may partially overlap. For example, a recreation area is combined with a garden, which allows you to be in the shade of trees in the summer. Differentiate zones in several ways:
Conditionally using decorative tracks;
Low fences;
The "live" hedge. Low bushes will add a feeling of comfort to the site;
The combined method. It combines various types of zoning.
Professionals advise placing farm buildings at the far end of the plot behind the house so that they do not catch the eye. Under the dream of any summer resident - the garden give the sunniest lawn.The garage usually has direct access to the street, so it is installed on one side of the house near the gate. In some cases, the fence "goes" deep into the area, and a place under the car is allocated outside the fence. Do not forget to leave space for the “home” site, which is usually paved or paved with stone. To give an aesthetic appearance, this area is decorated with flowers.
Choosing a place for the house
On square plots, houses are traditionally built in the center. Subsequently, they are surrounded by other buildings. On rectangular or trapezoidal possessions, an area at the shortest side is distinguished as a residential building. In the corner sections, when choosing a place for construction, they are guided by the distance from the street, its noise and clutter. On the southern slopes, preference is given to the highest point. In this case, the shape of the site goes by the wayside. Owners of possessions on the northern slopes are less fortunate, but usually they choose a place in the middle. Also, when designing a house, its placement relative to the cardinal points and the wind rose are taken into account.
Bathhouse
Baths are classified into several popular types. Which of them will fall on the choice of owners is a matter of personal preference. The following types are distinguished:
Russian. The modern bathhouse is not much like its “ancestors”, but the principle of soaring has remained the same: with the help of moist air. Such a room is better to be heated with firewood, respectively, you will need to allocate a separate place for their storage or a full-fledged shed. The Russian bath, as a rule, is made out with a unique national flavor: it is trimmed with cut logs and its shape is more like a fairy hut. It provides for two main rooms: a dressing room and a steam room.
Roman. Its design involves the presence of three rooms: a laconium (with a high temperature), tepidarium (you can cool down a bit here) and a place with a mini-pool, where they come to cool completely.Modern Roman baths have a stylish look and are more like luxury apartments.
Finnish. These saunas are popular in Europe. Soaring in them occurs due to dry steam, so brooms on the sides are not cooled here. Finnish baths are usually located near water bodies. This can be either a pool or a pond on the site, or a separate exit to the river or lake outside the possessions.
Hamam or Turkish bath. Traditionally consists of a shower, steam rooms and changing rooms. The steam in the hammam is hot and dry, it can be spent at least all day without harm to health.
Japanese This type of bathhouse, which is a large wooden bathtub with hot water, designed for several people, is suitable for exotic lovers.
At the cottage, preference is given to Finnish and Russian steam rooms. There are also mobile designs that are designed for two to three people. They are also called bath barrels: compact buildings that, if necessary, are transferred to another area of the site.
Even in ancient Russia, these structures were located as far as possible from home. This was done because of superstitions: supposedly a place where people wash away all the dirt from themselves should not be next to the living quarters. Now this rule is respected due to the elementary fire safety rules. The bath, as a rule, is made of wood, and the fire in it is planted at each visit.
Place for communication
After drawing on the construction plan, it is necessary to consider the location of the communication lines. In the country, they include:
Water pipes;
Electricity;
Sewerage.
The best option is the location of communication pipes and cables under the garden paths. Pre-isolate them properly. Keep in mind that water and electricity will have to be carried out not only to a residential building, but also to other buildings, so the network itself will most likely have an extensive structure. Place its “sleeves” on the project site in the form of straight lines to narrow the front of work.
Garage
For the car they build a full garage or a parking space under a canopy. By location, they are classified into several types:
Garage, which is built into a residential building. This arrangement saves space, but will require good noise isolation so that the echoes of a running motor do not disturb homework. Of the merits, general communications with the house are noted, which eliminates the additional costs of their implementation. Such a room has two entrances: from the street and from the house.
The extension. Usually created after the fact and has a common wall with the house.
Separate building. The option is relevant if the house is in a remote corner far from the gate.
The location of the garage is determined not only by the features of the site, but also by the number of cars. If there are several cars in the family, then it is more economical to equip a separate parking lot.
Rest zone
The recreation area includes:
The gazebo. A barbecue or barbecue area is usually adjacent to it;
Natural or artificial pond, pool;
Play area, which is usually designed for children.
As a rule, a “deaf” place on a site that is as far away as possible from the street and the carriageway is chosen for the recreation site. If the property is not enclosed by a solid fence, then passers-by can interfere with annoying looks, and the noise of cars will not allow you to relax. The rest area is usually adjacent to a garden or vegetable garden. Optimal place for placement: in the far corner, which is fenced from neighbors.
Garden
Gardening and gardening are placed, focusing on the following features:
Soil quality. Naturally, for the good harvest, the most fertile plot is chosen. If the soil is everywhere poor and unsuitable for growing vegetables and fruits, then you will have to take care of the import of land;
Shine. Garden beds and greenhouses love direct sunlight, therefore they cannot be placed in the shade of trees or buildings;
Landscape. The level of water occurrence and the slope of the site are taken into account. On the hills will have to carry out regular watering.In the lowlands, a garden or a garden will stand in “water” during transitional seasons. If the slope is blown by the winds, then the plants on it will grow stunted and lethargic. The output will be the arrangement of the garden under a high fence.
The "transition" strip between the garden and the garden is filled with shrubs. They are loyal to the shade of trees. In conditions of space deficit, it is considered optimal to plant trees along the perimeter of the site along the fence, then a number of shrubs and sections of beds. The flowerbeds decorate the entire plot. Particular attention is paid to the "roadside" of garden paths and the area near the house.
Popular elements for landscape decoration
The decor of summer cottages is divided into:
Natural;
Artificial.
The second includes:
Fences, benches, walkways and bridges;
Night lights, backlight;
Waterfalls, pergolas, pyramids and stands for weaving plants;
Arches, sculptures, ceramic animals and gnomes.
Some of these elements are created with your own hands, while others need to go to specialized retail outlets. Decorating a site is a creative process, for it you will have to activate artistic taste and imagination. Garden paths are made of wood saw cuts, pavers or concrete, which are treated with a stencil imitating masonry before drying. Fences are constructed and assembled independently from wood, plastic or stone. Natural elements include special designs from living plants:
Labyrinths. A famous sample is located in Versailles.
"Tapeworms." So called isolated shrubs that focus on themselves.
Backstage. Otherwise, they are also called hedges, which create a cozy corner, hidden from prying eyes.
Topiary. Behind this name are figuratively trimmed shrubs and low trees.
Separately, it is worth working out the night lighting of the site. Special lamps are installed under the roofs of buildings, and lanterns are installed in remote areas.Around the perimeter place a lower decorative backlight. Lamps are kept by funny hedgehogs, gnome miners or moles looking out of decorative minks.
Conclusion
The design of a summer cottage opens up scope for imagination. Owners can "customize" any functional objects for themselves and their needs. Construction and decoration will take a lot of time, but it is worth avoiding fatal mistakes in the design, which subsequently will be difficult to fix. It is best to prepare a layout or three-dimensional model of the site. This method of visualization will help to visually assess the merits of the project and eliminate its inconspicuous drawbacks.
Landscaping of a plot of 8 acres is usually trusted by professionals, as the owners are faced with a difficult task: placing a large number of buildings on a vast territory and creating a unified stylistic picture. In addition to their own desires, it is also necessary to rely on the requirements that the state puts forward to the owners of private plots. The main minimum of buildings usually includes:
In the role of additions are cellars, gazebos, pools, decorative ponds. Without a well-developed plan, it is unlikely that it will be possible to create a landscaped site, the filling of which will look harmonious.
Content
Land Management Basics
Landscaping is a whole science that cannot be comprehended in a couple of hours. A cottage area of eight hundred square meters is considered quite spacious property that will fit all the necessary facilities for living and recreation. When they are located, they are guided not only by the convenience of moving from the house to the building, but also by the general fire safety rules, sanitary standards. The interests of neighbors are also taken into account: a shadow from a structure or a tall tree, for example, can block the yard with it. When planning, they are guided by the size of the possessions, their shape, landscape features. You need to familiarize yourself with the many nuances that will turn design into a real puzzle, which not everyone can solve.
Normative base
So, the owner of the site has an impressive area, which is a blank sheet. It needs to place all the necessary buildings and decorative objects. When planning them, it is necessary to rely not only on the basics of landscape design, which will provide the territory with a beautiful view, but also on legislation. To build, guided exclusively by their aesthetic taste, unfortunately, will not work. Otherwise, the owner will face heavy fines and even demolition requirements. The regulatory framework includes a set of documents regulating the construction of household and residential buildings. The owner of the site must be familiar with the three fundamental rules and regulations:
Fire safety
Fire regulations are expressed in the regulation of the minimum permissible distance between buildings of different materials. When designing, focus on the following numbers:
In addition to these standards, additional rules should be considered:
In order to protect yourself from violations, it is necessary to outline a conditional internal contour on the plan, within the framework of which it is permissible to place structures.
Sanitary standards
In addition to fire regulations, sanitary regulations must also be observed. They are checked with them not only to avoid fines, but also for their own safety. Infectious diseases often arise due to human neglect. If the pipeline is not planned, then you need to worry about digging a well or drilling a well.The former will “feed” from groundwater, which lie beneath the surface of the soil, and the latter will draw resources from deeper layers. Purity of water will help ensure compliance with simple standards. Cesspools or compost pits, structures for keeping poultry and livestock should be placed at a distance of at least 12 m from the well or well.
In addition, the residential building should be at a certain distance from buildings of various types:
There are also rules regarding planting trees and plants:
The garden and the small garden are recommended to be adapted to the features of the landscape in such a way as to emphasize its strengths and hide flaws.
Planning for site configuration
When planning, they focus on two main aspects:
First, pay attention to the specifics of the landscape. Few people manage to get a perfectly even piece of land. But any elevations and lowlands can be beaten and emphasized so that they become virtues. For this reason, do not rush to level the surface, because a perfectly smooth area is a boring lot for perfectionists. Decorate the site with terraces, and in the future it will not only have a presentable appearance, but also give an excellent harvest. The fact is that with such a device, the soil will not be washed out, and the water will linger, which will benefit gardening in dry periods and in rainy seasons.Unfortunately, nothing can be done about the shape of the site, so you will have to adapt to it. There are about a dozen of its types, but we note three main ones:
Location of site facilities or zoning
All structures should be grouped by type. The following functional zones are distinguished:
It is not at all necessary to isolate each sector; they may partially overlap. For example, a recreation area is combined with a garden, which allows you to be in the shade of trees in the summer. Differentiate zones in several ways:
Professionals advise placing farm buildings at the far end of the plot behind the house so that they do not catch the eye. Under the dream of any summer resident - the garden give the sunniest lawn.The garage usually has direct access to the street, so it is installed on one side of the house near the gate. In some cases, the fence "goes" deep into the area, and a place under the car is allocated outside the fence. Do not forget to leave space for the “home” site, which is usually paved or paved with stone. To give an aesthetic appearance, this area is decorated with flowers.
Choosing a place for the house
On square plots, houses are traditionally built in the center. Subsequently, they are surrounded by other buildings. On rectangular or trapezoidal possessions, an area at the shortest side is distinguished as a residential building. In the corner sections, when choosing a place for construction, they are guided by the distance from the street, its noise and clutter. On the southern slopes, preference is given to the highest point. In this case, the shape of the site goes by the wayside. Owners of possessions on the northern slopes are less fortunate, but usually they choose a place in the middle. Also, when designing a house, its placement relative to the cardinal points and the wind rose are taken into account.
Bathhouse
Baths are classified into several popular types. Which of them will fall on the choice of owners is a matter of personal preference. The following types are distinguished:
At the cottage, preference is given to Finnish and Russian steam rooms. There are also mobile designs that are designed for two to three people. They are also called bath barrels: compact buildings that, if necessary, are transferred to another area of the site.
Place for communication
After drawing on the construction plan, it is necessary to consider the location of the communication lines. In the country, they include:
The best option is the location of communication pipes and cables under the garden paths. Pre-isolate them properly. Keep in mind that water and electricity will have to be carried out not only to a residential building, but also to other buildings, so the network itself will most likely have an extensive structure. Place its “sleeves” on the project site in the form of straight lines to narrow the front of work.
Garage
For the car they build a full garage or a parking space under a canopy. By location, they are classified into several types:
The location of the garage is determined not only by the features of the site, but also by the number of cars. If there are several cars in the family, then it is more economical to equip a separate parking lot.
Rest zone
The recreation area includes:
As a rule, a “deaf” place on a site that is as far away as possible from the street and the carriageway is chosen for the recreation site. If the property is not enclosed by a solid fence, then passers-by can interfere with annoying looks, and the noise of cars will not allow you to relax. The rest area is usually adjacent to a garden or vegetable garden. Optimal place for placement: in the far corner, which is fenced from neighbors.
Garden
Gardening and gardening are placed, focusing on the following features:
The "transition" strip between the garden and the garden is filled with shrubs. They are loyal to the shade of trees. In conditions of space deficit, it is considered optimal to plant trees along the perimeter of the site along the fence, then a number of shrubs and sections of beds. The flowerbeds decorate the entire plot. Particular attention is paid to the "roadside" of garden paths and the area near the house.
Popular elements for landscape decoration
The decor of summer cottages is divided into:
The second includes:
Some of these elements are created with your own hands, while others need to go to specialized retail outlets. Decorating a site is a creative process, for it you will have to activate artistic taste and imagination. Garden paths are made of wood saw cuts, pavers or concrete, which are treated with a stencil imitating masonry before drying. Fences are constructed and assembled independently from wood, plastic or stone. Natural elements include special designs from living plants:
Separately, it is worth working out the night lighting of the site. Special lamps are installed under the roofs of buildings, and lanterns are installed in remote areas.Around the perimeter place a lower decorative backlight. Lamps are kept by funny hedgehogs, gnome miners or moles looking out of decorative minks.
Conclusion
The design of a summer cottage opens up scope for imagination. Owners can "customize" any functional objects for themselves and their needs. Construction and decoration will take a lot of time, but it is worth avoiding fatal mistakes in the design, which subsequently will be difficult to fix. It is best to prepare a layout or three-dimensional model of the site. This method of visualization will help to visually assess the merits of the project and eliminate its inconspicuous drawbacks.