When planning the installation of plumbing in residential buildings, apartments, public institutions, they initially take into account the standards regulated in SNiPs and GOSTs. But, if for state institutions these rules are unchanged, then in private villas, cottages, mansions, other cloisters, the height of the sink in the bathroom and other plumbing fixtures is chosen at the request of the owner. He decides whether to follow the rules or not.
For children, adolescents, adults, a different level of a bowl-shaped object is required, which is taken into account in kindergartens, schools, hospitals, and other municipal organizations. In their own corner, where the family and all its members of different ages live, the optimal distance of the element from the floor is selected, satisfying all households.
Every year, the plumbing market is replenished with new sink models with improved features, an unusual design, color. Having conceived the repair, it is better to change earthenware devices. The selection of shells is huge. Each product has its own installation features. Before buying, you must consider the material of the wall decoration, the possibility of drilling, laying new communications and other factors affecting the long-term, reliable operation. The bowl should be fixed as tightly as possible. Each model has a separate type of installation.
On a pedestal
Otherwise, the washbasin on the pedestal is called a "tulip", due to the similarity when fully assembled with a real flower. This type of fixture fits any bathroom design. In this case, the quality of the walls and the type of coating are absolutely irrelevant, since the sink does not need to be hung. Her leg will act as a support. You can choose any location of the pedestal, hide pipes, communications, wall defects behind it. This installation option will make the bathroom cozy and neat.
The design options for the supports can be very different - square, round, polygonal. Any of the pedestals reliably holds the sink, meets all the rules of ergonomics, despite the inability to use the space under the bowl. With the installation of the washbasin “Tulip” you can cope alone.
Outboard
They are considered to be the most popular models. They are mounted close to the wall using brackets or studs. Hanging washbasins are made from a variety of materials, but it is better to choose lighter products, for example, ceramics, stainless steel.Heavy sinks made of natural stone will be difficult to fix securely.
There are many models of wall mounted washbasins. The familiar shape is oval, round. This is the safest option. Always relevant for families with small children. If the area allows, you can install a rectangular bowl with a stand along the wall. For bathrooms in a certain style, you can order a design washbasin of any size and shape - spherical, conical, triangular.
Standard hanging models are divided into three types of width: compact - up to 55 cm, medium - 55-60 cm, large - from 60 cm. If the sink is simply replaced with a new one, you should take into account the size and arrangement of the holes for the mixer. The method of fixing to the wall depends on its load-bearing abilities. Washbasins can be attached to the wall in the following ways:
On the studs. A metal plate with mounts is mounted to the wall. A bowl is attached to it with the help of rods;
Brackets. More reliable option. The design supports the sink from all sides. It can be monolithic, welded from steel, embracing type;
Ramu. It is built in under a subject of bathroom equipment and embrace it from two parties. Frame mounts can be conventional or sliding.
With a pedestal
The washbasin has a lot of advantages. The main advantage of the model is the rational use of space. Each of these sinks, even overall, will look compact and organic in any interior. Washbasins equipped with cabinets can be divided into the following types:
Floor standing. Strong, simple and reliable designs. The cabinet has many shelves for storing a large number of things, a laundry basket, drawers. Furniture is easily mounted along a straight wall. It can be of various shapes, colors, designs;
Wall mounted. The weighty suspension type design is only installed on sturdy walls. Mounting requires more fasteners than usual;
CornerSuitable for small rooms. When choosing, please note that the angle in the bathroom must be exactly 90 °, otherwise the product will be unstable.
Some models of sinks with pedestals require additional wall mounting. It can be bolts or special glue. For wall-mounted models, you can use special metal stands.
On the countertop
Plumbing fixtures with mounting on a countertop can be of various types. The built-in sink is a high-tech device. In the neighborhood on the same plane can be several bowls for various purposes. Mortise models have an aesthetic appearance, especially if made of materials such as porcelain stoneware, artificial stone, polymer concrete. When mounting, the edges of the sink go under the countertop material. Screws are used for fixing. The size and number of mounts depends on the shape, weight of the product. A simple surface sink is held on the surface by protruding sides.
Overheads on sink countertops differ in material type and shape. These factors influence the operational features and appearance of the products. When choosing a bowl, it should be borne in mind that its external and internal surface will be constantly visible. They are made of ceramics, glass of stone. For exquisite antique interiors you can find copper, brass products. Installation consists in installing the sink on a horizontal surface, in which holes for the drain and mixer are cut.
To the washing machine
An excellent solution for small rooms, shared bathrooms. The main goal of combining a washing machine and a washbasin is to save scarce space. This method will allow you to place all the necessary items in the toilet or in the bathroom. Sometimes this is simply necessary, since it is impossible to place equipment in other rooms.
The appearance of such sinks differs from the usual products. Basically they are flat, have the shape of a water lily.They will need a special mount and a custom siphon. The design involves lateral and rear discharge. Some washbasin models do not have holes for the mixer. The manufacturer suggests that it will be mounted to the wall. For safety reasons, all products are equipped with a drain-overflow system.
Installation can be done quickly and easily, if you follow some rules. Installation begins with the sink. It is better to put it on brackets and special hooks. Flexible, plastic hoses should not touch the washing machine, as its vibration will quickly break the tightness at the joints.
Height adjustable
Designed for people with disabilities who are forced to move around in a special chair. Such a person can operate the lift pneumatically or mechanically. Most often, such structures are installed in medical institutions, but you can equip them with a bath at home.
Any washbasin for adjustable design. It should be bolted and have rounded edges. Each manufacturer of such products gives them special characteristics. This can be a fully finished kit or a prefabricated design. The power frame for all types of sinks is attached to the wall. Height adjustment occurs when you press a button or move the lever. The sink drops to 20 - 40 cm, depending on the size of the structure.
General recommendations for installing a sink
Shell manufacturers offer a huge number of different options to choose from. Each differs in size, height, installation method. The following recommendations will help you choose the right product:
When buying bath products and fasteners, make sure they are compatible;
You can change the height of the tulip shell at your discretion - cut off part of the leg or install the structure on a stand;
The washbasin above the washing machine can be mounted if the appliance does not exceed 70 cm;
The supply and drain pipes in the sink above the bedside table must be sewn into a special box;
Choose the size and type of washbasin, taking into account the dimensions of the room.
Outlets in the bathroom should be installed at the maximum distance from the sink. Electrical wires must be well insulated.
Norms of installation in accordance with GOST and SNiPu
In Soviet times, many state standards and building codes were created and established that determine the rules for installing different plumbing. At the same time, they are using the norms now. Consider the main installation options according to the existing approved documentation:
Product Type
Standard Name
Domestic Sanitary Systems
Kindergartens
Enameled steel sinks and sinks and steel brackets for sinks
Ceramic sanitary ware
SNIP 3.05.01-85 p. 3.15
SNiP II-64-80 p. 4.7
GOST 24843-81 appendix 1.2
GOST 30493-2017 p. 3.3.6
Installation height from a level of a clean floor to the top of a board, mm
In residential, public, industrial buildings
In schools and children's hospitals
In nursery groups
In preschool groups
Washbasins
800
700
400
500
Sinks
850
850
850
Ceramic pedestal with washbasin
800
There are also other newer documents, for example, SP 73.13330.2012 (updated version of SNiP 3.05.01-85), where in paragraph 6.3.4 the same characteristics are indicated as in the original source.
How to determine the optimal height and not follow the standards
In most cases, the installation of the bowl, performed according to the normative verified data, does not cause complaints from users. Manufacturers also produce their products, taking into account established standards. But if for some reason a standard item does not suit a person, then for comfortable use you can raise or lower it.
Depending on the person’s height, the optimum installation height of the sink is determined, the range of which can be seen in the table below:
Height, cm
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
195
200
Optimum sink height, cm
85
90
90
95
95
100
100
105
110
110
115
120
125
For a family in which all its members have different growths, there are several ways to determine the optimal distance:
If several people live in the house (preschool children are not involved in the calculations), then you can add their growth together, and then divide by the number of residents. Depending on the obtained average height, select the desired level. At the same time, it will be equally convenient for everyone to use the item.
More accurate option. Given the fact that the sink should be located at a distance of 10-15 cm from the elbow joint, it is necessary to take measurements and find out the distance from the elbow to the floor of each household, and then calculate the arithmetic mean value from which it is necessary to subtract the above value.
Families with young children living in their own house with a spacious bath can install an additional washbasin for the child. Those who are less fortunate, their bathing room is limited in size, can purchase special lockers that have a retractable step, or use the usual stand so that the kids can comfortably wash themselves.
Installation of a sink in relation to other devices
Determining the height is a very important parameter, but it is also worth considering that for convenient and safe use of plumbing, it is necessary to provide free space in front of it. This indicator ranges from 53-76 cm. The minimum optimal distance is 60 cm.
The smallest distance from the central axis of the product to the wall should be 35 cm. When installing two sinks, it must be taken into account that each user requires comfort when using objects simultaneously, so the gap between the centers of the structures should be at least 90 cm. The following recommendations should also be considered:
The mirror should be placed above the product with an indent of 20 cm;
Shelves for towels must be placed at a distance of 60-70 cm, which will allow them to easily reach;
Toothbrush holder, soap dish, dispenser for liquid soap should be placed above the washbasin level by 30-40 cm on the sides of the mirror, departing from it by 5-10 cm;
The minimum distance from the side edge of the sink to the toilet, bidet, bathtub, shower should be 30 cm, from the front side not less than 60 cm;
the gap to electrical appliances, sockets - at least 60 cm.
Recommendations for the selection and installation of mixers
The construction market offers a wide range of different sink mixers. They can differ in the way they are controlled, whether they are two-valve, single-gripping, electronically controlled, have a different shape of spout, appearance. Each person determines for himself which product he needs. However, to make the right choice, you need to pay attention to certain conditions:
Spout length. It is necessary to choose a product with a length parameter such that water, with the valves fully open, flows directly to the bottom of the washbasin or the drain valve does not fall on its walls.
Spout height. Depending on how a person uses the sink, as well as its type, the height of the item is selected. If hands, a toothbrush are washed under the mixer, it is enough to install the device with a low or medium spout. Those who use the bowl more intensively, for example, wash their hair, wash their babies, wash off the dust from their shoes, you need a high spout.
Conformity by design. The easiest way is to purchase products from one company. But if this is not possible, then you should visually make a choice, bring one object to another. It should be borne in mind that it is better to choose a faucet with similar shapes to round-shaped sinks, and models with right angles to corner options.
You can fix the mixer over the bowl in several ways: on the counter, on pipes, on the side, on the wall.When performing work, it is advisable to take into account the following points:
Before starting work, you should determine the height of the installation, on which comfort will depend.
Provide the possibility of turning the tap from the sink into the bath.
It is necessary to choose the best place for fastening, without destroying the walls. For example, it is not recommended to install fasteners on the edges of the tiles.
The best result will be obtained if, when installing the product, the requirements set forth in regulatory documents are combined with the wishes of the equipment owner.
Bathroom Sink Tips
When buying a new washbasin, you should consider some nuances. The sink is one of the main elements of the bathroom, it immediately catches the eye, so it should be in harmony in style with the overall interior. Pay attention to such characteristics:
Dimensions Standard sink 60x40 cm. This is the best option for ergonomics and functionality. Eurostandard is a bit smaller. So that operation does not cause problems, accurate calculations are necessary. The size of the washbasin directly depends on the area, the characteristics of the bathroom;
Bowl depth. The volume of the shell should be selected based on its purpose. For a guest toilet, a rare hand washing and washing, a mini-sink up to 10 cm deep is suitable. When choosing the main wash basin, you can focus on the length of the hand. The greater the depth, the less spray will be;
The material of manufacture. It completely depends on the stylistic direction and personal preferences. If it is decided to abandon the usual ceramics, it is worth considering that the metal makes loud noises when water gets in, granite, marble products must be hung on special fasteners.
Conclusion
From practice, it is clear that the approved norms and rules are not suitable for all people. When installing a sink in a private house or apartment, each owner can independently determine the height of the item, its type, the ratio with other plumbing elements and units.
When planning the installation of plumbing in residential buildings, apartments, public institutions, they initially take into account the standards regulated in SNiPs and GOSTs. But, if for state institutions these rules are unchanged, then in private villas, cottages, mansions, other cloisters, the height of the sink in the bathroom and other plumbing fixtures is chosen at the request of the owner. He decides whether to follow the rules or not.
For children, adolescents, adults, a different level of a bowl-shaped object is required, which is taken into account in kindergartens, schools, hospitals, and other municipal organizations. In their own corner, where the family and all its members of different ages live, the optimal distance of the element from the floor is selected, satisfying all households.
Content
Types of sinks by installation / fixing method
Every year, the plumbing market is replenished with new sink models with improved features, an unusual design, color. Having conceived the repair, it is better to change earthenware devices. The selection of shells is huge. Each product has its own installation features. Before buying, you must consider the material of the wall decoration, the possibility of drilling, laying new communications and other factors affecting the long-term, reliable operation. The bowl should be fixed as tightly as possible. Each model has a separate type of installation.
On a pedestal
Otherwise, the washbasin on the pedestal is called a "tulip", due to the similarity when fully assembled with a real flower. This type of fixture fits any bathroom design. In this case, the quality of the walls and the type of coating are absolutely irrelevant, since the sink does not need to be hung. Her leg will act as a support. You can choose any location of the pedestal, hide pipes, communications, wall defects behind it. This installation option will make the bathroom cozy and neat.
The design options for the supports can be very different - square, round, polygonal. Any of the pedestals reliably holds the sink, meets all the rules of ergonomics, despite the inability to use the space under the bowl. With the installation of the washbasin “Tulip” you can cope alone.
Outboard
They are considered to be the most popular models. They are mounted close to the wall using brackets or studs. Hanging washbasins are made from a variety of materials, but it is better to choose lighter products, for example, ceramics, stainless steel.Heavy sinks made of natural stone will be difficult to fix securely.
There are many models of wall mounted washbasins. The familiar shape is oval, round. This is the safest option. Always relevant for families with small children. If the area allows, you can install a rectangular bowl with a stand along the wall. For bathrooms in a certain style, you can order a design washbasin of any size and shape - spherical, conical, triangular.
Standard hanging models are divided into three types of width: compact - up to 55 cm, medium - 55-60 cm, large - from 60 cm. If the sink is simply replaced with a new one, you should take into account the size and arrangement of the holes for the mixer. The method of fixing to the wall depends on its load-bearing abilities. Washbasins can be attached to the wall in the following ways:
With a pedestal
The washbasin has a lot of advantages. The main advantage of the model is the rational use of space. Each of these sinks, even overall, will look compact and organic in any interior. Washbasins equipped with cabinets can be divided into the following types:
Some models of sinks with pedestals require additional wall mounting. It can be bolts or special glue. For wall-mounted models, you can use special metal stands.
On the countertop
Plumbing fixtures with mounting on a countertop can be of various types. The built-in sink is a high-tech device. In the neighborhood on the same plane can be several bowls for various purposes. Mortise models have an aesthetic appearance, especially if made of materials such as porcelain stoneware, artificial stone, polymer concrete. When mounting, the edges of the sink go under the countertop material. Screws are used for fixing. The size and number of mounts depends on the shape, weight of the product. A simple surface sink is held on the surface by protruding sides.
Overheads on sink countertops differ in material type and shape. These factors influence the operational features and appearance of the products. When choosing a bowl, it should be borne in mind that its external and internal surface will be constantly visible. They are made of ceramics, glass of stone. For exquisite antique interiors you can find copper, brass products. Installation consists in installing the sink on a horizontal surface, in which holes for the drain and mixer are cut.
To the washing machine
An excellent solution for small rooms, shared bathrooms. The main goal of combining a washing machine and a washbasin is to save scarce space. This method will allow you to place all the necessary items in the toilet or in the bathroom. Sometimes this is simply necessary, since it is impossible to place equipment in other rooms.
The appearance of such sinks differs from the usual products. Basically they are flat, have the shape of a water lily.They will need a special mount and a custom siphon. The design involves lateral and rear discharge. Some washbasin models do not have holes for the mixer. The manufacturer suggests that it will be mounted to the wall. For safety reasons, all products are equipped with a drain-overflow system.
Installation can be done quickly and easily, if you follow some rules. Installation begins with the sink. It is better to put it on brackets and special hooks. Flexible, plastic hoses should not touch the washing machine, as its vibration will quickly break the tightness at the joints.
Height adjustable
Designed for people with disabilities who are forced to move around in a special chair. Such a person can operate the lift pneumatically or mechanically. Most often, such structures are installed in medical institutions, but you can equip them with a bath at home.
Any washbasin for adjustable design. It should be bolted and have rounded edges. Each manufacturer of such products gives them special characteristics. This can be a fully finished kit or a prefabricated design. The power frame for all types of sinks is attached to the wall. Height adjustment occurs when you press a button or move the lever. The sink drops to 20 - 40 cm, depending on the size of the structure.
General recommendations for installing a sink
Shell manufacturers offer a huge number of different options to choose from. Each differs in size, height, installation method. The following recommendations will help you choose the right product:
Norms of installation in accordance with GOST and SNiPu
In Soviet times, many state standards and building codes were created and established that determine the rules for installing different plumbing. At the same time, they are using the norms now. Consider the main installation options according to the existing approved documentation:
There are also other newer documents, for example, SP 73.13330.2012 (updated version of SNiP 3.05.01-85), where in paragraph 6.3.4 the same characteristics are indicated as in the original source.
How to determine the optimal height and not follow the standards
In most cases, the installation of the bowl, performed according to the normative verified data, does not cause complaints from users. Manufacturers also produce their products, taking into account established standards. But if for some reason a standard item does not suit a person, then for comfortable use you can raise or lower it.
Depending on the person’s height, the optimum installation height of the sink is determined, the range of which can be seen in the table below:
For a family in which all its members have different growths, there are several ways to determine the optimal distance:
Installation of a sink in relation to other devices
Determining the height is a very important parameter, but it is also worth considering that for convenient and safe use of plumbing, it is necessary to provide free space in front of it. This indicator ranges from 53-76 cm. The minimum optimal distance is 60 cm.
The smallest distance from the central axis of the product to the wall should be 35 cm. When installing two sinks, it must be taken into account that each user requires comfort when using objects simultaneously, so the gap between the centers of the structures should be at least 90 cm. The following recommendations should also be considered:
Recommendations for the selection and installation of mixers
The construction market offers a wide range of different sink mixers. They can differ in the way they are controlled, whether they are two-valve, single-gripping, electronically controlled, have a different shape of spout, appearance. Each person determines for himself which product he needs. However, to make the right choice, you need to pay attention to certain conditions:
You can fix the mixer over the bowl in several ways: on the counter, on pipes, on the side, on the wall.When performing work, it is advisable to take into account the following points:
Bathroom Sink Tips
When buying a new washbasin, you should consider some nuances. The sink is one of the main elements of the bathroom, it immediately catches the eye, so it should be in harmony in style with the overall interior. Pay attention to such characteristics:
Conclusion
From practice, it is clear that the approved norms and rules are not suitable for all people. When installing a sink in a private house or apartment, each owner can independently determine the height of the item, its type, the ratio with other plumbing elements and units.