Each person has their own ideas about convenience. You need to think about arranging a headset, furniture in the dining room, conducting communications even at the initial stage of construction or when planning large-scale repairs. The layout of the kitchen should be rational and convenient for all households, with a convenient arrangement of equipment and furniture.
The choice of a suitable option is primarily influenced by the characteristics of the premises and the personal preferences of property owners. To make the most frequented room in the house comfortable and functional, you need to familiarize yourself with the available options and follow the advice of designers.
Features: what to consider when planning a kitchen
In a properly planned kitchen, not a centimeter of space should stand idle. The convenient location of the headset and built-in furniture will help reduce cooking and cleaning times.
To carry out the design of the room as organically as possible, it is necessary to consider the following points when planning:
Family composition, age, physiological characteristics of households;
The possibility and necessity of zoning space;
Dimensions and shape of the room;
The location of the kitchen relative to the side of the world, the size of the window opening;
Use of the kitchen only for cooking, storage, or as a living-dining room;
Placement of withdrawn communications, the ability to change their location.
All of the above nuances should be considered before installing a headset, sink, stove and refrigerator. Having assessed all the options for kitchen placement, you can choose a suitable furniture arrangement program that allows you to minimize time and labor costs, and eliminate the need for unnecessary movements.
Room shape and quadrature
Depending on the area of the room and its shape, choose the arrangement of furniture. The most popular, especially for small apartments, - taking into account the rules of the kitchen triangle. The owners of narrow rooms of 4.5 m2 need to correctly use the entire space - you can increase the windowsill, remove the battery, in its place organize lockers and shelves for storage.
Long rectangular kitchens from 7.5 m2 accept the layout of almost any type, both angular and single-row. For square, a U-shaped arrangement of furniture is suitable.In spacious rooms of 15 m2, kitchen studios, the location of the island and a bar in the middle of the room will be appropriate.
Number of cabinets, their sizes and standards
After the type of planning is selected, the locations of the built-in equipment are indicated, you can proceed with the placement of cabinets. Usually this is the remaining free space. In the small kitchen of Khrushchev there will be few of them, so it is better to immediately provide for the possibility of installing suspended structures.
In a spacious room, the location and volume of the cabinets do not play a special role. The choice of model will depend on personal preferences and financial capabilities. Shelves can be open decorative, closed with a swing, folding or sliding mechanism. Standard sizes of kitchen cabinets are designed for average kitchen parameters:
Two-door floor stand - 80x60x60 cm;
Single door pedestal - 80x50x60 cm;
Large hanging cabinet - 80x30x60 cm;
Small pendant - 60x30x40 cm;
Corner module - 60x32x38 cm.
For the practical use of the kitchen space, it is necessary to correctly calculate the dimensions of the kitchen cabinets. When calculating them, it is necessary to take into account some important parameters. Of great importance is the age, growth of the hostess, the location of heating pipes, windows, ventilation. The size of cabinets will be affected by the dimensions of household appliances, the size of dishes, cutlery.
Placement of embedded equipment
The type of layout is chosen depending on the configuration of the kitchen. Ergonomics will be different for each case. In order to place the built-in appliances as convenient as possible, you need to evaluate your daily movements in the dining room and identify key points.
The design of a modern kitchen involves a minimum of equipment, compact placement of furniture and household appliances. The bulky TV was replaced by new refrigerators with built-in monitors. A microwave and a coffee machine have long been mounted on the facades of the headset.
Household miscellaneous appliances are found in every kitchen. They should be placed taking into account the frequency of use. For small rooms it is better to consider the built-in option. The most commonly used appliances, such as a refrigerator, stove, microwave, should be in the area of the working triangle.
Conventionally, the kitchen space can be divided into two zones: water and hot. The first section is located next to the sewer and water supply pipes. Here they place a washing machine, dishwasher, sink, refrigerator. An oven, hob are built in the hot zone. A correctly chosen neighborhood and competent layout will help create a cozy atmosphere even in the smallest kitchen.
Lighting and backlight
The main secret of good lighting in the kitchen is multilevel. Each of the zones should be clearly visible at any time of the day. Before choosing lamps and fixtures, it is necessary to draw up a detailed project and a diagram of their location. Using the direction of light and the intensity of flows, you can increase, decrease the space, highlight, shade certain areas. The secret of quality lighting is to comply with the following rules:
For the main ceiling lighting, it is necessary to provide a switch with a rheostat;
In a small kitchen you can do with one central lamp under the ceiling;
If the kitchen is large, two-row placement of lamps on the ceiling in several levels, above each working area, will be successful;
Small dining rooms, rooms with low ceilings should not be overloaded with a large number of appliances. One miniature chandelier will be enough;
When choosing the type of lamps should take into account the color and style of the room. Light surfaces will reflect 80% of the light, dark - no more than 15%.
Local lighting is a priority in any kitchen. The backlight acts only as an addition.It should be used for all functional areas: above the work surface, in the place of storage of food and utensils, above the dining table.
Layout Types
The choice of kitchen layout is influenced by many factors. Owners of private houses are more free in this matter, since they can afford to have a dining room of any size. The project design should reflect various indicators that affect the level of comfort during operation. There are several ways to arrange a headset and built-in equipment. Each option is designed taking into account the rules of ergonomics, safety. If necessary, you can make an online calculation.
Linear
Single-row arrangement of kitchen furniture is suitable for rectangular or square kitchens. All work surfaces and storage cabinets will be located along one wall. The linear type of layout involves a compact arrangement. Use a minimum amount of household appliances. There is room only for the refrigerator and hob. In the corner set the sink.
The advantages of this arrangement include versatility. The set along the wall fits perfectly into the room of any shape and quadrature. The simplest arrangement can be single-row or double-row. In the first case, the opposite wall immediately becomes a dining area, in the second it can be covered with furniture, large-sized appliances. The table is allocated a place in the center or at the window.
Linear layout allows you to place furniture of any configuration and size. It is suitable for small families where a minimum of time is devoted to cooking. The limited work surface does not allow you to cook several dishes at the same time.
To increase the functionality of the linear layout, it is necessary to provide the necessary number of shelves of cabinets. Retractable worktop and roll-out dining table will help save space.
L-shaped
A universal way of arranging kitchen furniture for standard apartments. This design allows you to maximize the use of precious area, make it convenient working area and place of eating. By building a headset along two perpendicular walls, you can achieve complete freedom to place other pieces of furniture, decorative accessories.
A good option for interior design is a corner set in the kitchen-living room. The central location of the countertop provides access to it immediately from three sides. It can be used as a work surface at the time of cooking, and transformed into a bar counter with the arrival of guests.
To design L-shaped kitchens, designers recommend using modern stylistic trends. Minimalism, loft, high-tech will look great. This arrangement is more common in small kitchens. In order not to overload the interior, the headset is chosen as simple as possible, without a bright print and embossed facades. If it is necessary to mount an extractor hood or gas column, it is better to refuse hanging cabinets. They can be replaced with a high pencil case.
Double row
Ideal for narrow and long kitchens with one window on a short wall. In order not to block the only possibility of penetration of natural light, furniture is placed along opposite walls. The same arrangement of furniture is used if the room is walk-through. The main features of this arrangement can be considered the following factors:
The kitchen set consists of a large number of modules for various purposes;
More than enough space for built-in appliances, decor, indoor plants;
The ability to correctly equip a kitchen triangle;
The work area dominates completely. For the dining room there is a window area, retractable structures;
Two housewives can cook different dishes at the same time.
U-shaped
In this case, headsets, storage systems and household appliances are located along three walls. Often, one of the parties is replaced by a bar counter or a peninsular structure. This layout is universal, suitable for almost any room. The exception is too narrow rooms with a width of less than 2.5 meters.
The distance between the opposite facades of the headset should be at least 120 cm. This is enough for comfortable use of the oven, washing machine and unhindered movement. It should not be made too large, as this will entail unnecessary movements, time and labor in the cooking process.
The advantages of the U-shaped design include a convenient location of the working triangle. All work can be done standing in one place. The symmetrical layout of the headset allows you to use the most daring design decisions. U-shaped environments are more suitable for individual projects. To implement such a plan in a standard apartment is often prevented by a low window sill, poor location of the doorway, balcony door and other factors.
Island
An additional worktop is located in the center of the room, can serve as a storage, hob, bar, original decor. Such a layout is only suitable for spacious rooms of more than 15 m2, the correct square shape.
More often in this way they arrange furniture in private homes. The island mode is comfortable and ergonomic. One of the walls can be covered with hanging shelves or a soft sofa. The central element helps to successfully plan the space of the kitchen-living room or studio. The disadvantages of the island include the creation of obstacles when moving around the room.
Peninsular
A special design in the center of the room in the form of a long pedestal, one side of which reaches the wall or window sill. This is a modified version of the familiar island, with both advantages and disadvantages.A plus of the peninsula can be considered versatility. Such a layout will be aesthetic and practical even in the smallest kitchen. Thanks to the island there is a clear separation of the working and dining areas.
The multifunctional cabinet can be equipped with a sink, hob, ergonomic storage of kitchen utensils. Complementing it with fashionable devices for bottling and mixing drinks, you can get a modern bar counter. The disadvantage is limited access to one of the sides of the structure.
The peninsula can be a continuation of the headset or a separate piece of furniture. The second option is preferred for non-standard kitchens.
G-shaped
One of the types of island cuisine. The short element adjoins the end face to the wall, forming a characteristic protrusion. The drawing of the finished layout resembles the letter "G". The peninsula can be occupied by a countertop and used as a work surface or serve as a dining table.
G-shaped circular layout is preferred by owners of spacious kitchens. A small ledge delimits space, allows you to conveniently arrange all the necessary household appliances. The disadvantage is that a large area is needed to implement a project of this kind.
Kitchen space zoning
Visual allocation of sites in one room will be successful if you apply some non-standard options for the kitchen. Designers recommend dividing the space with the use of finishing materials for walls, floors, ceilings, lighting, low furniture, various accessories. Mostly separate the working area from the dining area. To properly plan your space, you need to listen to some tips.
Work zone
There are several ways to designate a work area. For large rooms, a successful option with furniture - a bar, an island, a sofa. Small rooms are best zoned with decorative materials.More often they use different floor coverings, excellent in texture, color, material. A stylish solution is to install a podium.
Highlight the work area in narrow kitchens with ceiling finishes. Multilevel ceilings emphasize the top lighting. A chandelier is installed above the dining area, and several spotlights above the apron of the working surface. If the dining area allows, the cooking area is separated by screens, sliding modules.
Dining or dining area
You can create a cozy atmosphere in the dining area in several ways. Choosing the right one will depend on personal preferences and financial capabilities. The most popular option is decorating adjacent walls. For zoning use the following materials:
The dining area will help highlight spectacular sconces and pendant lights. An unusual helper will be unusual fittings that differ in color from the elements in the headset, bright upholstery of chairs, and various textiles.
Stylistic trends and colors
In modern layouts, built-in furniture is more common, which makes the interior complete and harmonious. In addition to the unique functionality, it should be beautiful and stylish. For each type, you can use any option. Among the style variety, for the kitchens, the following areas are chosen:
Provence. Home warmth and comfort, many indoor flowers make the room spacious and light. Light colors and natural materials in decoration and furniture prevail.
Classic. Restrained, functional style does not accept obsessive elements. The space in the kitchen is rationally planned, each item has its own purpose.The characteristic color scheme is all shades of brown, from light beige to dark brown.
Country. Built-in appliances are hidden in cabinets and behind facades, sets and a dining table with a patina effect. The rustic style will look really only with a lot of textiles. Be sure to have linen curtains, rugs, pillows on sofas and chairs. The decoration uses light colors, natural materials.
Modern. No decor, only the most necessary items. Practical, comfortable interior with strict lines can be decorated in any color. The main thing is the complete harmony of tones, the presence of warm lighting.
High tech. As much glass and metal as possible. The kitchen is filled with electrical appliances created with the latest technology. Only clear lines and proportions. The color scheme is expressed in two colors - one primary, the second additional.
Features of the planning and arrangement of the kitchen-living room
Combining several rooms will help not only create an interesting interior, but also significantly save space. Projects of kitchen-living rooms are one of the most common, they allow to realize bold and unexpected design fantasies.
The combination of kitchen and living room allows you to constantly keep everything at hand. You can cook and receive guests at the same time. This layout allows the hostess not to feel hostage to the kitchen. She can watch TV in the living room, participate in conversations that take place in the hall. With the increase in area, a lot of light is added, both natural and artificial.
Among the shortcomings of such a layout, the high cost of repair work can be noted if redevelopment occurs in an already finished room. Before demolishing the walls, you will need to obtain permission from state design services. Certain inconveniences will also bring different smells during the cooking process.
Conclusion
Comfort and convenience are the most important factors to consider when planning a kitchen space. This room can be considered the most traumatic, since it is here that work with sharp objects, boiling liquids takes place. There are many familiar types of layouts suitable for certain rooms. If no final decision has been made, you can use the free layout. Some pieces of furniture have wheels, which makes them mobile, for example, a mobile island, a sofa.
Each person has their own ideas about convenience. You need to think about arranging a headset, furniture in the dining room, conducting communications even at the initial stage of construction or when planning large-scale repairs. The layout of the kitchen should be rational and convenient for all households, with a convenient arrangement of equipment and furniture.
The choice of a suitable option is primarily influenced by the characteristics of the premises and the personal preferences of property owners. To make the most frequented room in the house comfortable and functional, you need to familiarize yourself with the available options and follow the advice of designers.
Content
Features: what to consider when planning a kitchen
In a properly planned kitchen, not a centimeter of space should stand idle. The convenient location of the headset and built-in furniture will help reduce cooking and cleaning times.
To carry out the design of the room as organically as possible, it is necessary to consider the following points when planning:
All of the above nuances should be considered before installing a headset, sink, stove and refrigerator. Having assessed all the options for kitchen placement, you can choose a suitable furniture arrangement program that allows you to minimize time and labor costs, and eliminate the need for unnecessary movements.
Room shape and quadrature
Depending on the area of the room and its shape, choose the arrangement of furniture. The most popular, especially for small apartments, - taking into account the rules of the kitchen triangle. The owners of narrow rooms of 4.5 m2 need to correctly use the entire space - you can increase the windowsill, remove the battery, in its place organize lockers and shelves for storage.
Long rectangular kitchens from 7.5 m2 accept the layout of almost any type, both angular and single-row. For square, a U-shaped arrangement of furniture is suitable.In spacious rooms of 15 m2, kitchen studios, the location of the island and a bar in the middle of the room will be appropriate.
Number of cabinets, their sizes and standards
After the type of planning is selected, the locations of the built-in equipment are indicated, you can proceed with the placement of cabinets. Usually this is the remaining free space. In the small kitchen of Khrushchev there will be few of them, so it is better to immediately provide for the possibility of installing suspended structures.
In a spacious room, the location and volume of the cabinets do not play a special role. The choice of model will depend on personal preferences and financial capabilities. Shelves can be open decorative, closed with a swing, folding or sliding mechanism. Standard sizes of kitchen cabinets are designed for average kitchen parameters:
For the practical use of the kitchen space, it is necessary to correctly calculate the dimensions of the kitchen cabinets. When calculating them, it is necessary to take into account some important parameters. Of great importance is the age, growth of the hostess, the location of heating pipes, windows, ventilation. The size of cabinets will be affected by the dimensions of household appliances, the size of dishes, cutlery.
Placement of embedded equipment
The type of layout is chosen depending on the configuration of the kitchen. Ergonomics will be different for each case. In order to place the built-in appliances as convenient as possible, you need to evaluate your daily movements in the dining room and identify key points.
The design of a modern kitchen involves a minimum of equipment, compact placement of furniture and household appliances. The bulky TV was replaced by new refrigerators with built-in monitors. A microwave and a coffee machine have long been mounted on the facades of the headset.
Household miscellaneous appliances are found in every kitchen. They should be placed taking into account the frequency of use. For small rooms it is better to consider the built-in option. The most commonly used appliances, such as a refrigerator, stove, microwave, should be in the area of the working triangle.
Conventionally, the kitchen space can be divided into two zones: water and hot. The first section is located next to the sewer and water supply pipes. Here they place a washing machine, dishwasher, sink, refrigerator. An oven, hob are built in the hot zone. A correctly chosen neighborhood and competent layout will help create a cozy atmosphere even in the smallest kitchen.
Lighting and backlight
The main secret of good lighting in the kitchen is multilevel. Each of the zones should be clearly visible at any time of the day. Before choosing lamps and fixtures, it is necessary to draw up a detailed project and a diagram of their location. Using the direction of light and the intensity of flows, you can increase, decrease the space, highlight, shade certain areas. The secret of quality lighting is to comply with the following rules:
Local lighting is a priority in any kitchen. The backlight acts only as an addition.It should be used for all functional areas: above the work surface, in the place of storage of food and utensils, above the dining table.
Layout Types
The choice of kitchen layout is influenced by many factors. Owners of private houses are more free in this matter, since they can afford to have a dining room of any size. The project design should reflect various indicators that affect the level of comfort during operation. There are several ways to arrange a headset and built-in equipment. Each option is designed taking into account the rules of ergonomics, safety. If necessary, you can make an online calculation.
Linear
Single-row arrangement of kitchen furniture is suitable for rectangular or square kitchens. All work surfaces and storage cabinets will be located along one wall. The linear type of layout involves a compact arrangement. Use a minimum amount of household appliances. There is room only for the refrigerator and hob. In the corner set the sink.
The advantages of this arrangement include versatility. The set along the wall fits perfectly into the room of any shape and quadrature. The simplest arrangement can be single-row or double-row. In the first case, the opposite wall immediately becomes a dining area, in the second it can be covered with furniture, large-sized appliances. The table is allocated a place in the center or at the window.
Linear layout allows you to place furniture of any configuration and size. It is suitable for small families where a minimum of time is devoted to cooking. The limited work surface does not allow you to cook several dishes at the same time.
L-shaped
A universal way of arranging kitchen furniture for standard apartments. This design allows you to maximize the use of precious area, make it convenient working area and place of eating. By building a headset along two perpendicular walls, you can achieve complete freedom to place other pieces of furniture, decorative accessories.
A good option for interior design is a corner set in the kitchen-living room. The central location of the countertop provides access to it immediately from three sides. It can be used as a work surface at the time of cooking, and transformed into a bar counter with the arrival of guests.
To design L-shaped kitchens, designers recommend using modern stylistic trends. Minimalism, loft, high-tech will look great. This arrangement is more common in small kitchens. In order not to overload the interior, the headset is chosen as simple as possible, without a bright print and embossed facades. If it is necessary to mount an extractor hood or gas column, it is better to refuse hanging cabinets. They can be replaced with a high pencil case.
Double row
Ideal for narrow and long kitchens with one window on a short wall. In order not to block the only possibility of penetration of natural light, furniture is placed along opposite walls. The same arrangement of furniture is used if the room is walk-through. The main features of this arrangement can be considered the following factors:
U-shaped
In this case, headsets, storage systems and household appliances are located along three walls. Often, one of the parties is replaced by a bar counter or a peninsular structure. This layout is universal, suitable for almost any room. The exception is too narrow rooms with a width of less than 2.5 meters.
The distance between the opposite facades of the headset should be at least 120 cm. This is enough for comfortable use of the oven, washing machine and unhindered movement. It should not be made too large, as this will entail unnecessary movements, time and labor in the cooking process.
The advantages of the U-shaped design include a convenient location of the working triangle. All work can be done standing in one place. The symmetrical layout of the headset allows you to use the most daring design decisions. U-shaped environments are more suitable for individual projects. To implement such a plan in a standard apartment is often prevented by a low window sill, poor location of the doorway, balcony door and other factors.
Island
An additional worktop is located in the center of the room, can serve as a storage, hob, bar, original decor. Such a layout is only suitable for spacious rooms of more than 15 m2, the correct square shape.
More often in this way they arrange furniture in private homes. The island mode is comfortable and ergonomic. One of the walls can be covered with hanging shelves or a soft sofa. The central element helps to successfully plan the space of the kitchen-living room or studio. The disadvantages of the island include the creation of obstacles when moving around the room.
Peninsular
A special design in the center of the room in the form of a long pedestal, one side of which reaches the wall or window sill. This is a modified version of the familiar island, with both advantages and disadvantages.A plus of the peninsula can be considered versatility. Such a layout will be aesthetic and practical even in the smallest kitchen. Thanks to the island there is a clear separation of the working and dining areas.
The multifunctional cabinet can be equipped with a sink, hob, ergonomic storage of kitchen utensils. Complementing it with fashionable devices for bottling and mixing drinks, you can get a modern bar counter. The disadvantage is limited access to one of the sides of the structure.
G-shaped
One of the types of island cuisine. The short element adjoins the end face to the wall, forming a characteristic protrusion. The drawing of the finished layout resembles the letter "G". The peninsula can be occupied by a countertop and used as a work surface or serve as a dining table.
G-shaped circular layout is preferred by owners of spacious kitchens. A small ledge delimits space, allows you to conveniently arrange all the necessary household appliances. The disadvantage is that a large area is needed to implement a project of this kind.
Kitchen space zoning
Visual allocation of sites in one room will be successful if you apply some non-standard options for the kitchen. Designers recommend dividing the space with the use of finishing materials for walls, floors, ceilings, lighting, low furniture, various accessories. Mostly separate the working area from the dining area. To properly plan your space, you need to listen to some tips.
Work zone
There are several ways to designate a work area. For large rooms, a successful option with furniture - a bar, an island, a sofa. Small rooms are best zoned with decorative materials.More often they use different floor coverings, excellent in texture, color, material. A stylish solution is to install a podium.
Highlight the work area in narrow kitchens with ceiling finishes. Multilevel ceilings emphasize the top lighting. A chandelier is installed above the dining area, and several spotlights above the apron of the working surface. If the dining area allows, the cooking area is separated by screens, sliding modules.
Dining or dining area
You can create a cozy atmosphere in the dining area in several ways. Choosing the right one will depend on personal preferences and financial capabilities. The most popular option is decorating adjacent walls. For zoning use the following materials:
The dining area will help highlight spectacular sconces and pendant lights. An unusual helper will be unusual fittings that differ in color from the elements in the headset, bright upholstery of chairs, and various textiles.
Stylistic trends and colors
In modern layouts, built-in furniture is more common, which makes the interior complete and harmonious. In addition to the unique functionality, it should be beautiful and stylish. For each type, you can use any option. Among the style variety, for the kitchens, the following areas are chosen:
Features of the planning and arrangement of the kitchen-living room
Combining several rooms will help not only create an interesting interior, but also significantly save space. Projects of kitchen-living rooms are one of the most common, they allow to realize bold and unexpected design fantasies.
The combination of kitchen and living room allows you to constantly keep everything at hand. You can cook and receive guests at the same time. This layout allows the hostess not to feel hostage to the kitchen. She can watch TV in the living room, participate in conversations that take place in the hall. With the increase in area, a lot of light is added, both natural and artificial.
Among the shortcomings of such a layout, the high cost of repair work can be noted if redevelopment occurs in an already finished room. Before demolishing the walls, you will need to obtain permission from state design services. Certain inconveniences will also bring different smells during the cooking process.
Conclusion
Comfort and convenience are the most important factors to consider when planning a kitchen space. This room can be considered the most traumatic, since it is here that work with sharp objects, boiling liquids takes place. There are many familiar types of layouts suitable for certain rooms. If no final decision has been made, you can use the free layout. Some pieces of furniture have wheels, which makes them mobile, for example, a mobile island, a sofa.