Drawing of the kitchen with the dimensions of all cabinets: self-design
The design principles of a kitchen change over time. Once there were dishwashers, microwaves, sensory technology and even smart refrigerators. For the above amenities, there is not always enough space in a cramped kitchen room. Only a well-designed drawing will indicate what is appropriate and what is better to refuse. Without the help of masters, a lot of calculations can be made in special computer programs. However, a diagram on paper is indispensable. In the drawing, the kitchen is divided into several target zones. Some will need a lot of space for storing food supplies, others will need a large dining table for family members. Design includes about 10 stages, starting with measurements and detailing, and finishing with finishing. Up to the final stage of work, a mini-project is needed - a drawing and related information.
Basic rules for self-development of a kitchen project
The design of the kitchen begins with the creation of a functional and technical part with the general characteristics of the room and its contents. Then they draw a sketch, and later it will be replaced by a detailed drawing with medium and small details. We recommend using visualization programs like AutoCAD. The project necessarily includes the size and shape of the room, the parameters of furniture and household appliances, including their placement, as well as the location and organization of communications. Back in the first half of the 20th century, the triangle rule was developed, which states that the stove, refrigerator and sink should be placed on the tops of an imaginary triangular figure with a side of no more than 2 meters. Racks and other storage systems must not be placed in the work area. In the absence of space, the refrigerator can be put in line with the cutting surface and sink, but without sharing the countertop for preparing food. The first one is to draw a sink. The plate is removed at least 40 cm from it.
Be sure to distinguish the following zones:
cooking (including for the hob);
product preparation (with chopping surface);
sinks;
storage;
stocks;
dining room.
Varieties of layout of the kitchen
The kitchen pattern is determined by the way the furniture set is installed, which, in turn, have different design features. There are 7 main types of layout. These include a single-row variant, two-row, L-shaped, U-shaped, G-shaped, peninsular and island. The first type of configuration is suitable for narrow rooms, for example, kitchens in brezhnevka. L-shaped pattern - the most popular layout in Khrushchev. In private homes, U-shaped and double-row form are often chosen. If the owners have many kitchen accessories, then it is better to choose roomy options, such as a G-shaped or a kitchen with a peninsula. Kitchen facilities with an area of more than 15 square meters. meters can be done with the island. On a separate element in the middle of the kitchen, you can place not only a cutting surface, but also a stove and sink.
The general sequence of actions when designing a kitchen
Designing consists of many stages. First, they measure the general parameters of the room, and then make the first drafts in a draft. In the future, an exact picture is determined with a division into subparts: for cooking, food storage, kitchen table. It will still need to be detailed. We are talking about household appliances, conclusions and communication schemes. It is important to assemble all the elements together, even small kitchen appliances, according to the configuration of the headset. The next step is to establish the exact amount of material, its varieties and the necessary accessories. Detailing is made - simple calculations, which can be understood by the example of one or two furniture elements. Calculations are recorded properly and transferred to the masters for further cutting. Then it remains to assemble the structure. Is it possible to do it yourself - depends on experience.
To create projects using assistant programs with voluminous graphics and the possibility of detailed calculations (including online).
Making kitchen measurements
The key parameters of the premises are:
width at the height of the base (10-15 cm);
width at tabletop level (80-95 cm);
width in height of hinged sections (upper edge - 220 cm);
height.
We begin the layout by creating a room layout. You will need tape measure, pencil and paper. On the sheet indicate the parameters taking into account the location of doors, window openings, ventilation and other fixed elements. Into the plan also enter the intervals and sizes. Then we draw the working area, sink, stove and refrigerator. The above elements are interdependent, and the placement of the remaining parts of the facade, in turn, is coordinated with them. The refrigerator, for example, is kept away from heat sources. We select the configuration of the kitchen at the very beginning, in accordance with the above nuances - among the options from linear to island. The corners of the double-sided headsets are made with or without a sink. If you plan a kitchen with a peninsula, then we design it both as a table and as a bar counter. We put on the plan water supply, sewerage, gas pipes and sockets. After we indicate the protruding elements: window sill, gas column, ventilation duct.
Layout modular elements and create a sketch
We begin to build from the bottom row, we provide a hob, stove and refrigerator. If necessary, add a dishwasher and washing machine. In the bottom row are cabinets, drawers and tandemboxes. We allocate at least 60 cm of space under the sink. We place it optimally taking into account the communication findings. We calculate the required number of outlets and places for the use / storage of electrical appliances, apply to the sketch. We make convenient access to outlets and other communications. Then we pass to the upper tier. It is almost two times inferior to the bottom in depth, so initially you need to correctly plan the space below. In the upper tier for a fireplace hood you need a separate space instead of a module. Embedded models, in turn, leave room for maintaining an inextricable line.This is a decorative aspect, however, the storage space will also increase.
Placement of household appliances
It is necessary to draw the top plan and the sweep of the walls. In the upper plan, we first denote the electric stove - a square with four circles. Then choose a place for the sink and refrigerator. We draw the washbasin in the form of a square with two ovals: external and internal, we designate the mixer depending on the configuration. After that, on the drawing of the kitchen we indicate the refrigerator, as well as the equipment for cooking - an oven, a juicer, etc. This is necessary to calculate the ideal location, including the possibility of using outlets. On the scans with dots, we indicate the conclusions for the backlight. Empty squares with thin lines indicate sockets. If there are telephone, TV and Internet sockets - we also put on the sketch. On the sweep of the wall, we draw an air conditioner in the form of a rectangle with a large number of parallel lines. On a scaled image of the wall, you also need to apply wall lights, a temperature controller (square and the letter "T" above), one- and two-key switches.
Dimensioning and detailing of cabinets
Detailing is the calculation of the required number of parts, their size, type, as well as the amount of work, including additive, edging and sawing. Detailing reinforces the drawing, which is then used to make furniture. Let us analyze an example of a cabinet 72 × 45 × 50 cm. We include in the calculation the difference in the depth of the cabinet with the door and its thickness (2 cm). So, the desired size for the bottom is immediately clear - 43 × 50 cm. We calculate the size of the slats. Subtract the total thickness of the sidewalls from the width of 500 mm - 32 mm. The thickness of the slats is chosen arbitrarily, for example, 6 mm. It turns out 2 slats of 468 × 430 × 6 mm between two sidewalls. To calculate the dimensions of the sidewalls, the bottom and the cover are taken from the height, and the door from the depth. The lid corresponds to the maximum dimensions of the cabinet, and they still need to add 1-2 mm at the ends. Kitchen cabinets are made relatively low - usually up to 75-90 cm.At the same time, stand-alone tall models are assembled with shelves at a distance of no more than the same maximum - 90 cm. The depth of the kitchen cabinets is in the range of 25–65 cm. Narrow options are for the top and wide ones are for the area under the apron.
Other nuances about sizes:
The width of the upper sections, as a rule, corresponds to the lower.
The height (including the level of placement) of the upper cabinets is selected according to the height of the owners and the desired height of the apron.
Modulation and calculation programs
Among the modulation and calculation software, you should pay attention to the applications Pro100, IKEA Home Planner, Color Style Studio and Google SketchUp. Pro100 offers a maximum of visualization capabilities, a large database of furniture models and accessories. The function of calculating the cost will help even at the planning stage to abandon some decisions or make sure of their availability. A few hours is enough to study the program. Created projects are available for printing. IKEA Home Planner works with color, dimensions and textures. Projects can be sent to the company for expert evaluation. Color Style Studio allows you to decorate the kitchen in 3D in more than 50 thousand colors. Google SketchUp is an application with an intuitive interface and video tutorials. The program is multidisciplinary and is suitable for designing any options for kitchens, as well as other rooms.
How to do the material calculation yourself
For the calculation, a ruler, roulette and level are enough. It will be necessary to take into account the parameters for the horizons, sidewalls, rear walls, shelves, awnings, hinges, handles, doors and glass for them. We start from the lower tier. First of all, we take up the calculation of the washing section. It should be a cabinet with swing doors. Subtract the thickness of the countertop and the height of the support legs from the planned height. The calculation of the length of the drawers is made taking into account the thickness of the doors, sidewalls and rear wall. For the bottom row you will need a table top of a typical size, if the bottom structure is performed accordingly. You can calculate the material consumption for a decorative skirting board after pre-installing the countertop over the pedestals. Then we pass to the upper tier.Here, the calculation depends on the opening mechanism - swivel or lifting. Otherwise, the calculation principle does not differ - the gaps and thickness of adjacent elements are measured.
Cutting material on the project and drawings
Details are applied on one canvas, if it is supposed to be made of one material. First draw large elements and next to them others in descending order of size. The total number of parts, the width of the cutting part, the length of cut, waste. As well as sheet size and area: total sheet and residues. Indicate the indentation around the perimeter of the sheet, the length of the edge and cut, including trimming the base angle, the number of cuts. Useful details are numbered, and the size in millimeters fits next. To make cutting, you will need a lot of material, special equipment and the most accurate movements. In any case, the initial cutting is done at specialized facilities, so there is no point in doing it yourself. Smaller items can be handled on their own. But still it is better to order cutting in a specialized workshop.
How to choose materials for making a kitchen
In the kitchen, the materials are exposed to steam, moisture and high temperature. Therefore, the frame of the kitchen set is made mainly of chipboard with special moisture-resistant impregnation. The facade doors are made of natural or synthetic veneer. Furniture made of MDF is a rarer option. However, the material is adapted to the kitchen conditions even more. For the manufacture of kitchen modules, you can use the multiplex, which consists of layers of wood of different species. The result is furniture with a beautiful surface and a stable structure. Metal structures for the kitchen are less in demand, but can serve for many years, while maintaining an attractive appearance. Design opportunities are a good reason to use metal. However, the problem with the manufacture of the necessary blanks makes the option inconvenient for self-design.
Materials of load-bearing modules
Housing elements are made of materials such as chipboard, MDF, solid wood and multiplex. The best designs are assembled from natural wood. Such kits do not deteriorate from excess moisture, less prone to chip formation. Wood is also treated with various protective compounds. Multiplex - cheaper material, consists of layers glued in different directions. These are excellent raw materials for kitchen conditions. MDF is cheaper than the above options, but also practical and durable. The material is small wood chips compressed under high pressure. To ensure water resistance, MDF boards are impregnated with resins. They are also resistant to curvature. The cheapest option is chipboard. It is less environmentally friendly and more prone to getting wet, but is able to last for many years without deterioration.
Facades and fittings
Doors forming the facade of the room are key design elements. They are made of enameled film, MDF, laminated particleboard, solid wood and aluminum profiles. There are also decorated frame options. Plastic facades can be applied to facades made of MDF and particleboard. This finish is called postforming. In any case, the door is better to choose from more expensive materials. As for the accessories, the first thing to do is decide on the handles. The most convenient option is “staples,” however, square-shaped handles are good in their own way. You can completely do without these elements, and give preference to hardware push-to-open. The materials used for the fittings are mainly aluminum, plastic and wood. You should also pay attention to decorative options. But for hinges and awnings, there is only one option - durable metal.
Features of the design of individual elements
Kitchen design is the work on each individual element and their compatibility as a whole. Of particular concern is the proper use of angles.Large / square kitchens are rarely decorated with linear options, so the question is relevant for many. Separately calculate the parameters of the holes for stationary and bulky objects. You may need to hide the pipe or column. A special design is needed for the zone with the hood, because lately there have been many options for this design. Some appliances are designed for hidden use. Sometimes you have to cut part of the shelves, and make holes for the electrical wires. First of all, they find a place for large household appliances, at the last stages of planning - for small ones. When creating a project, you should immediately consider whether there will be any original storage systems, for example, on an apron, next to the headset or in a suspended position.
From the point of view of design, the most important part of the design is the design of the facade elements - doors and fronts of drawers.
Standard
One of these elements is a hinged cabinet with two hinged doors. It is made with two shelves and a height of about 70 cm, a width of about 80 cm and a depth of 30 cm. The lower cabinets with drawers are designed taking into account the size of the room. They are made wide or narrow. As for the number of drawers, with 4 such elements the depth will be 50 cm, the width is most often 40 cm. The lower cabinets with swinging facades make from 30 to 100 cm in width. In the first case, it will be a one-door option. Curbstones are designed with a depth of 50-60 cm and one shelf in height. The washbasin cabinet is planned taking into account the length of the sink itself - the width depends on this. You may need a two-door version with a width of 80 cm. It is also made with a support bar (tsar, upper base). The depth of the section for washing should be at least 50 cm.
Non-standard
One of the atypical options is an oven cabinet. With a standard depth of 50 cm, the width should correspond to the technique, and this is a minimum of 60 cm, based on the norms and recommendations.Another non-standard element is a hinged module for a telescopic hood (for example, a standard of 60 cm). Then there will be a cutout with a diameter of about 30 cm from above. The depth should not exceed 30 cm. The sides will protrude beyond the module itself - with a height of about 70 cm at 55 by the cabinet. Corner sections, in different variations, are also considered an atypical solution. Hinged L-shaped cabinets have a shallow depth and one blank canvas. The normal height of the chamber is about 70 cm. There is also an alternative option in the form of an upper trapezoidal section. It has five sides and one door. At the same time, a 45-degree opening angle is possible, unless special changes are made to the design of the upper row. L-shaped and trapezoidal configurations occur in the lower modules.
Features of the corner kitchen components
There are basically two types of corner headsets. These are options with a right angle and trapezoidal modification. The main components of the corner kitchen are the corner sink, corner cupboard, pencil case, as well as the corresponding equipment. Corner washing can save a lot of space for other elements, and it’s also convenient to hold a bin in it. The nightstand also disguises various communications and counters. Corner pencil box is perfect for a kitchen with niches. Then the furniture set in the corner is not interrupted by the working wall, but has a molded shape. This type of headset is made to order. An element such as a corner cabinet is good for its spaciousness. Sometimes it is used as a home bar. As for the corner technology, this is a rather expensive option. However, the space in this case is used most effectively. You will need built-in appliances for specific parameters of the corner part of the headset.
Facade Design
The height and width of each facade should be inferior to the same parameters of the body. In addition, the technological clearance is deducted from the latter. On each side it is 1-2 millimeters, respectively, a maximum of 4 millimeters in general. A separate calculation is made for each section.This primarily concerns MDF fronts, since it is very difficult to correct them. If the cabinet body touches the wall sideways, then another 3 mm is taken away from the width before performing basic calculations. If we are talking about the door of the lower row, then the features of the countertop are taken into account. In the presence of a drip tray, the margin to the upper edge of the front should be at least 4-5 mm. If such an element is absent, then 3 mm is sufficient. The calculation of the facades under the decorative ledge is carried out with a deduction of 3 mm. If there is also a lower one, then 6 mm. In addition, formulas for the facade in the form of several drawers are derived:
VK-3 (x-1) / x, if there are several identical drawers in the case and there is no countertop above it. VK denotes the height of the section, and x is the number of boxes.
VK-3x / x, if the case is under the countertop.
Headset Assembly Tips
The first step is to free the kitchen and the space next to it. You need to prepare for sorting waste materials, because something else will come in handy. In the kitchen, communications are first connected and a hole for the sink is cut out, if not provided for in the countertop. Then install the lower and upper rows of furniture. Facades are attached when the entire structure is already assembled. It is not recommended to install a worktop with a thickness of more than 40 mm - only about 20% of modern built-in appliances are developed for them. In most cases, assembly without masters or an assistant is not possible. Installation masters are previously informed about the features of the furniture, the presence of a wall panel for the apron of the working area, the location of the supply systems and communication outputs. They warn in advance about the need for backlight modules, the need for a dishwasher, boiler.
Conclusion
The manufacture or purchase of kitchen furniture is associated with a large number of calculations. This applies not only to compliance with the dimensions of the premises, style design, but also to compatibility with the pattern of communications. It is with the latter aspect that design should begin.Necessarily need a drawing for the project. First, the configuration is determined and target zones are identified. Already at this stage, there are many rules that need to be combined with technical capabilities and your own wishes. The next step is to measure the main parameters of the room. On the sketch, furniture, household appliances, communications and kitchen sizes are combined into one. Then design the individual elements. Then comes the turn of detailing and material selection. Before starting installation work, finishing touches are made. The finished design drawing is passed for familiarization to the master. With accurate knowledge and experience, you can build a kitchen with your own hands.
The design principles of a kitchen change over time. Once there were dishwashers, microwaves, sensory technology and even smart refrigerators. For the above amenities, there is not always enough space in a cramped kitchen room. Only a well-designed drawing will indicate what is appropriate and what is better to refuse. Without the help of masters, a lot of calculations can be made in special computer programs. However, a diagram on paper is indispensable. In the drawing, the kitchen is divided into several target zones. Some will need a lot of space for storing food supplies, others will need a large dining table for family members. Design includes about 10 stages, starting with measurements and detailing, and finishing with finishing. Up to the final stage of work, a mini-project is needed - a drawing and related information.
Content
Basic rules for self-development of a kitchen project
The design of the kitchen begins with the creation of a functional and technical part with the general characteristics of the room and its contents. Then they draw a sketch, and later it will be replaced by a detailed drawing with medium and small details. We recommend using visualization programs like AutoCAD. The project necessarily includes the size and shape of the room, the parameters of furniture and household appliances, including their placement, as well as the location and organization of communications. Back in the first half of the 20th century, the triangle rule was developed, which states that the stove, refrigerator and sink should be placed on the tops of an imaginary triangular figure with a side of no more than 2 meters. Racks and other storage systems must not be placed in the work area. In the absence of space, the refrigerator can be put in line with the cutting surface and sink, but without sharing the countertop for preparing food. The first one is to draw a sink. The plate is removed at least 40 cm from it.
Be sure to distinguish the following zones:
Varieties of layout of the kitchen
The kitchen pattern is determined by the way the furniture set is installed, which, in turn, have different design features. There are 7 main types of layout. These include a single-row variant, two-row, L-shaped, U-shaped, G-shaped, peninsular and island. The first type of configuration is suitable for narrow rooms, for example, kitchens in brezhnevka. L-shaped pattern - the most popular layout in Khrushchev. In private homes, U-shaped and double-row form are often chosen. If the owners have many kitchen accessories, then it is better to choose roomy options, such as a G-shaped or a kitchen with a peninsula. Kitchen facilities with an area of more than 15 square meters. meters can be done with the island. On a separate element in the middle of the kitchen, you can place not only a cutting surface, but also a stove and sink.
The general sequence of actions when designing a kitchen
Designing consists of many stages. First, they measure the general parameters of the room, and then make the first drafts in a draft. In the future, an exact picture is determined with a division into subparts: for cooking, food storage, kitchen table. It will still need to be detailed. We are talking about household appliances, conclusions and communication schemes. It is important to assemble all the elements together, even small kitchen appliances, according to the configuration of the headset. The next step is to establish the exact amount of material, its varieties and the necessary accessories. Detailing is made - simple calculations, which can be understood by the example of one or two furniture elements. Calculations are recorded properly and transferred to the masters for further cutting. Then it remains to assemble the structure. Is it possible to do it yourself - depends on experience.
Making kitchen measurements
The key parameters of the premises are:
We begin the layout by creating a room layout. You will need tape measure, pencil and paper. On the sheet indicate the parameters taking into account the location of doors, window openings, ventilation and other fixed elements. Into the plan also enter the intervals and sizes. Then we draw the working area, sink, stove and refrigerator. The above elements are interdependent, and the placement of the remaining parts of the facade, in turn, is coordinated with them. The refrigerator, for example, is kept away from heat sources. We select the configuration of the kitchen at the very beginning, in accordance with the above nuances - among the options from linear to island. The corners of the double-sided headsets are made with or without a sink. If you plan a kitchen with a peninsula, then we design it both as a table and as a bar counter. We put on the plan water supply, sewerage, gas pipes and sockets. After we indicate the protruding elements: window sill, gas column, ventilation duct.
Layout modular elements and create a sketch
We begin to build from the bottom row, we provide a hob, stove and refrigerator. If necessary, add a dishwasher and washing machine. In the bottom row are cabinets, drawers and tandemboxes. We allocate at least 60 cm of space under the sink. We place it optimally taking into account the communication findings. We calculate the required number of outlets and places for the use / storage of electrical appliances, apply to the sketch. We make convenient access to outlets and other communications. Then we pass to the upper tier. It is almost two times inferior to the bottom in depth, so initially you need to correctly plan the space below. In the upper tier for a fireplace hood you need a separate space instead of a module. Embedded models, in turn, leave room for maintaining an inextricable line.This is a decorative aspect, however, the storage space will also increase.
Placement of household appliances
It is necessary to draw the top plan and the sweep of the walls. In the upper plan, we first denote the electric stove - a square with four circles. Then choose a place for the sink and refrigerator. We draw the washbasin in the form of a square with two ovals: external and internal, we designate the mixer depending on the configuration. After that, on the drawing of the kitchen we indicate the refrigerator, as well as the equipment for cooking - an oven, a juicer, etc. This is necessary to calculate the ideal location, including the possibility of using outlets. On the scans with dots, we indicate the conclusions for the backlight. Empty squares with thin lines indicate sockets. If there are telephone, TV and Internet sockets - we also put on the sketch. On the sweep of the wall, we draw an air conditioner in the form of a rectangle with a large number of parallel lines. On a scaled image of the wall, you also need to apply wall lights, a temperature controller (square and the letter "T" above), one- and two-key switches.
Dimensioning and detailing of cabinets
Detailing is the calculation of the required number of parts, their size, type, as well as the amount of work, including additive, edging and sawing. Detailing reinforces the drawing, which is then used to make furniture. Let us analyze an example of a cabinet 72 × 45 × 50 cm. We include in the calculation the difference in the depth of the cabinet with the door and its thickness (2 cm). So, the desired size for the bottom is immediately clear - 43 × 50 cm. We calculate the size of the slats. Subtract the total thickness of the sidewalls from the width of 500 mm - 32 mm. The thickness of the slats is chosen arbitrarily, for example, 6 mm. It turns out 2 slats of 468 × 430 × 6 mm between two sidewalls. To calculate the dimensions of the sidewalls, the bottom and the cover are taken from the height, and the door from the depth. The lid corresponds to the maximum dimensions of the cabinet, and they still need to add 1-2 mm at the ends. Kitchen cabinets are made relatively low - usually up to 75-90 cm.At the same time, stand-alone tall models are assembled with shelves at a distance of no more than the same maximum - 90 cm. The depth of the kitchen cabinets is in the range of 25–65 cm. Narrow options are for the top and wide ones are for the area under the apron.
Other nuances about sizes:
Modulation and calculation programs
Among the modulation and calculation software, you should pay attention to the applications Pro100, IKEA Home Planner, Color Style Studio and Google SketchUp. Pro100 offers a maximum of visualization capabilities, a large database of furniture models and accessories. The function of calculating the cost will help even at the planning stage to abandon some decisions or make sure of their availability. A few hours is enough to study the program. Created projects are available for printing. IKEA Home Planner works with color, dimensions and textures. Projects can be sent to the company for expert evaluation. Color Style Studio allows you to decorate the kitchen in 3D in more than 50 thousand colors. Google SketchUp is an application with an intuitive interface and video tutorials. The program is multidisciplinary and is suitable for designing any options for kitchens, as well as other rooms.
How to do the material calculation yourself
For the calculation, a ruler, roulette and level are enough. It will be necessary to take into account the parameters for the horizons, sidewalls, rear walls, shelves, awnings, hinges, handles, doors and glass for them. We start from the lower tier. First of all, we take up the calculation of the washing section. It should be a cabinet with swing doors. Subtract the thickness of the countertop and the height of the support legs from the planned height. The calculation of the length of the drawers is made taking into account the thickness of the doors, sidewalls and rear wall. For the bottom row you will need a table top of a typical size, if the bottom structure is performed accordingly. You can calculate the material consumption for a decorative skirting board after pre-installing the countertop over the pedestals. Then we pass to the upper tier.Here, the calculation depends on the opening mechanism - swivel or lifting. Otherwise, the calculation principle does not differ - the gaps and thickness of adjacent elements are measured.
Cutting material on the project and drawings
Details are applied on one canvas, if it is supposed to be made of one material. First draw large elements and next to them others in descending order of size. The total number of parts, the width of the cutting part, the length of cut, waste. As well as sheet size and area: total sheet and residues. Indicate the indentation around the perimeter of the sheet, the length of the edge and cut, including trimming the base angle, the number of cuts. Useful details are numbered, and the size in millimeters fits next. To make cutting, you will need a lot of material, special equipment and the most accurate movements. In any case, the initial cutting is done at specialized facilities, so there is no point in doing it yourself. Smaller items can be handled on their own. But still it is better to order cutting in a specialized workshop.
How to choose materials for making a kitchen
In the kitchen, the materials are exposed to steam, moisture and high temperature. Therefore, the frame of the kitchen set is made mainly of chipboard with special moisture-resistant impregnation. The facade doors are made of natural or synthetic veneer. Furniture made of MDF is a rarer option. However, the material is adapted to the kitchen conditions even more. For the manufacture of kitchen modules, you can use the multiplex, which consists of layers of wood of different species. The result is furniture with a beautiful surface and a stable structure. Metal structures for the kitchen are less in demand, but can serve for many years, while maintaining an attractive appearance. Design opportunities are a good reason to use metal. However, the problem with the manufacture of the necessary blanks makes the option inconvenient for self-design.
Materials of load-bearing modules
Housing elements are made of materials such as chipboard, MDF, solid wood and multiplex. The best designs are assembled from natural wood. Such kits do not deteriorate from excess moisture, less prone to chip formation. Wood is also treated with various protective compounds. Multiplex - cheaper material, consists of layers glued in different directions. These are excellent raw materials for kitchen conditions. MDF is cheaper than the above options, but also practical and durable. The material is small wood chips compressed under high pressure. To ensure water resistance, MDF boards are impregnated with resins. They are also resistant to curvature. The cheapest option is chipboard. It is less environmentally friendly and more prone to getting wet, but is able to last for many years without deterioration.
Facades and fittings
Doors forming the facade of the room are key design elements. They are made of enameled film, MDF, laminated particleboard, solid wood and aluminum profiles. There are also decorated frame options. Plastic facades can be applied to facades made of MDF and particleboard. This finish is called postforming. In any case, the door is better to choose from more expensive materials. As for the accessories, the first thing to do is decide on the handles. The most convenient option is “staples,” however, square-shaped handles are good in their own way. You can completely do without these elements, and give preference to hardware push-to-open. The materials used for the fittings are mainly aluminum, plastic and wood. You should also pay attention to decorative options. But for hinges and awnings, there is only one option - durable metal.
Features of the design of individual elements
Kitchen design is the work on each individual element and their compatibility as a whole. Of particular concern is the proper use of angles.Large / square kitchens are rarely decorated with linear options, so the question is relevant for many. Separately calculate the parameters of the holes for stationary and bulky objects. You may need to hide the pipe or column. A special design is needed for the zone with the hood, because lately there have been many options for this design. Some appliances are designed for hidden use. Sometimes you have to cut part of the shelves, and make holes for the electrical wires. First of all, they find a place for large household appliances, at the last stages of planning - for small ones. When creating a project, you should immediately consider whether there will be any original storage systems, for example, on an apron, next to the headset or in a suspended position.
Standard
One of these elements is a hinged cabinet with two hinged doors. It is made with two shelves and a height of about 70 cm, a width of about 80 cm and a depth of 30 cm. The lower cabinets with drawers are designed taking into account the size of the room. They are made wide or narrow. As for the number of drawers, with 4 such elements the depth will be 50 cm, the width is most often 40 cm. The lower cabinets with swinging facades make from 30 to 100 cm in width. In the first case, it will be a one-door option. Curbstones are designed with a depth of 50-60 cm and one shelf in height. The washbasin cabinet is planned taking into account the length of the sink itself - the width depends on this. You may need a two-door version with a width of 80 cm. It is also made with a support bar (tsar, upper base). The depth of the section for washing should be at least 50 cm.
Non-standard
One of the atypical options is an oven cabinet. With a standard depth of 50 cm, the width should correspond to the technique, and this is a minimum of 60 cm, based on the norms and recommendations.Another non-standard element is a hinged module for a telescopic hood (for example, a standard of 60 cm). Then there will be a cutout with a diameter of about 30 cm from above. The depth should not exceed 30 cm. The sides will protrude beyond the module itself - with a height of about 70 cm at 55 by the cabinet. Corner sections, in different variations, are also considered an atypical solution. Hinged L-shaped cabinets have a shallow depth and one blank canvas. The normal height of the chamber is about 70 cm. There is also an alternative option in the form of an upper trapezoidal section. It has five sides and one door. At the same time, a 45-degree opening angle is possible, unless special changes are made to the design of the upper row. L-shaped and trapezoidal configurations occur in the lower modules.
Features of the corner kitchen components
There are basically two types of corner headsets. These are options with a right angle and trapezoidal modification. The main components of the corner kitchen are the corner sink, corner cupboard, pencil case, as well as the corresponding equipment. Corner washing can save a lot of space for other elements, and it’s also convenient to hold a bin in it. The nightstand also disguises various communications and counters. Corner pencil box is perfect for a kitchen with niches. Then the furniture set in the corner is not interrupted by the working wall, but has a molded shape. This type of headset is made to order. An element such as a corner cabinet is good for its spaciousness. Sometimes it is used as a home bar. As for the corner technology, this is a rather expensive option. However, the space in this case is used most effectively. You will need built-in appliances for specific parameters of the corner part of the headset.
Facade Design
The height and width of each facade should be inferior to the same parameters of the body. In addition, the technological clearance is deducted from the latter. On each side it is 1-2 millimeters, respectively, a maximum of 4 millimeters in general. A separate calculation is made for each section.This primarily concerns MDF fronts, since it is very difficult to correct them. If the cabinet body touches the wall sideways, then another 3 mm is taken away from the width before performing basic calculations. If we are talking about the door of the lower row, then the features of the countertop are taken into account. In the presence of a drip tray, the margin to the upper edge of the front should be at least 4-5 mm. If such an element is absent, then 3 mm is sufficient. The calculation of the facades under the decorative ledge is carried out with a deduction of 3 mm. If there is also a lower one, then 6 mm. In addition, formulas for the facade in the form of several drawers are derived:
Headset Assembly Tips
The first step is to free the kitchen and the space next to it. You need to prepare for sorting waste materials, because something else will come in handy. In the kitchen, communications are first connected and a hole for the sink is cut out, if not provided for in the countertop. Then install the lower and upper rows of furniture. Facades are attached when the entire structure is already assembled. It is not recommended to install a worktop with a thickness of more than 40 mm - only about 20% of modern built-in appliances are developed for them. In most cases, assembly without masters or an assistant is not possible. Installation masters are previously informed about the features of the furniture, the presence of a wall panel for the apron of the working area, the location of the supply systems and communication outputs. They warn in advance about the need for backlight modules, the need for a dishwasher, boiler.
Conclusion
The manufacture or purchase of kitchen furniture is associated with a large number of calculations. This applies not only to compliance with the dimensions of the premises, style design, but also to compatibility with the pattern of communications. It is with the latter aspect that design should begin.Necessarily need a drawing for the project. First, the configuration is determined and target zones are identified. Already at this stage, there are many rules that need to be combined with technical capabilities and your own wishes. The next step is to measure the main parameters of the room. On the sketch, furniture, household appliances, communications and kitchen sizes are combined into one. Then design the individual elements. Then comes the turn of detailing and material selection. Before starting installation work, finishing touches are made. The finished design drawing is passed for familiarization to the master. With accurate knowledge and experience, you can build a kitchen with your own hands.