Doors - one of the most important design elements of any room. Through them, the entrance, exit from the house, apartment, office is made, because this element quickly wears out, requiring replacement. The standardized dimensions of interior doors simplify the task of selecting a door leaf that is suitable in size. The doorway to any room is made out with an ordinary or double-leaf product. Design, workmanship, and thickness vary widely.
Replacement of existing doors is carried out during major or minor repairs. Dimensions of the construction is not always possible to "fit" under the existing opening, the latter is even more difficult to fix. The front door protects the apartment, the house from unwanted visitors and thefts, the interior products have slightly different functions
the door to the bathroom, the toilet allows you to wash without outsiders, calmly do other things;
in the kitchen, it does not allow the smell of cooking to spread throughout the apartment;
a bedroom, a nursery with the help of well-chosen doors is protected from drafts, extraneous noise, light penetrating from other rooms;
with the help of doors the space is divided into separate zones, the area of the room is delimited, depending on its purpose;
decorative function is to maximize compliance with the selected interior styling, harmonious combination with the surrounding background.
The door structure can be different in height, width, made out with transparent, frosted, patterned, stained glass or it can be completely “deaf”. Interior devices are made of natural wood, particleboard, plastic, glass, MDF, several materials at the same time.
GOST requirement for interior doors, openings
State standards determined the optimal dimensions of interior products, taking into account the width, length, thickness of doorways. Manufacturers usually adhere to these frames, but on request they create objects with any dimensions. Their cost is negotiated individually, exceeding the usual by 20-50%. Most often this is done during redevelopment, as well as in private homes.
The basic requirements for doorways are as follows:
when the canvas is open, there should not be any obstacles to the passage of a person, evacuation;
the width is sufficient to pass, carry a stretcher, other means of transportation, if necessary;
according to fire safety standards, the opening height should be from 1.9 m., width - from 0.8 m.
Before installation, it is necessary to study the current norms of SNiP, believing whether the purchased item corresponds to them. This is necessary for high-quality installation, convenient, safe use by all family members.
Uncontrolled redevelopment, illegal expansion of openings, entail the imposition of large fines, as they are able to "weaken" the structure of the building, leading to its collapse.
Door marking
The marking of door structures located between rooms is decoded according to the table:
DU - reinforced;
DHA - moisture resistant;
DO - glazed;
DG - deaf;
DN - outdoor vestibule, entrance;
DGUT - insulated;
FGD - smoke tight;
DV-1 - interior interior;
DV-2 - internal entrance apartment;
DV-3 - internal entrance to the premises of public buildings;
DV-4 - internal entrance to a public building equipped with burglar alarm;
DV-5 - internal for stairwell;
DV-6 - internal for bathrooms;
DV-7 - internal vestibule;
DV-8– shed construction;
DV-9– other internal;
DL - manholes, hatches;
DS - special;
PN - external blank cloth;
PV - internal unobstructed web;
PS - special non-blocking canvas;
PL - canvases for unobstructed hatches, manholes.
There are various compilations of the above markings - DNDG, DNDDG, DV1DDG, DV3DO, DV9DDO, etc.
Dimensions of interior doors
The dimensions of door structures vary widely for single-wing and double-wing models. For different rooms, their standard parameters are as follows:
kitchen room - 70 cm by 200 cm;
bathroom, toilet, combined bathroom - 60 cm by 190 cm;
living rooms - 80 cm by 200 cm.
The threshold height is calculated separately, although it is not always required; it should be present only in the bathroom, toilet, and entrance structure.
Opening dimensions
The parameters required by state standards are strictly regulated. The opening height is 2060/2090, 2160/2190 or 2260/2290, the width is 630/650, 680/700, 780/800, 880/900, 980/1000.The width of the opening for a double-leaf product is 1280/1300, 1480/1500, 1580/1600. The standard depth of the interior opening is 7 cm for the premises of the bathroom, kitchen, from 7 to 20 - for living rooms. Below, between the canvas and the floor, it is necessary to leave a gap: under the kitchen door - 15-19 mm, under all the others - 4-12 mm, on top - 3-4 mm.
Box sizes
The door frame is made commensurate with the canvas, exceeding its parameters within certain limits. A box is usually sold complete with a door, forming a door unit. The gap between the blade and the box is 3-4 mm on each side. This distance is necessary for easy closing-opening, fastening on loops.
With a door leaf size of 550 by 1880 mm, the door frame block will be 615 by 1923 mm, the desired opening size is 635 by 1935 mm, the external dimensions of the structure with platbands are 750 by 2000 mm. When the door has dimensions of 600 by 1900 mm, with a box it will be 665 by 1943 mm, the opening - 685 by 1955 mm, with platbands 800 by 2020 mm and so on, respectively. General parameters of the height from the floor: if the door is 200 cm, with the box it will be 207 cm, and at 230 cm - 237 cm, etc.
Sizes of a cloth
According to the standard, the height of the door leaf of any door is 2000, 2100 or 2200 mm, the width of a single structure is 550-900 mm. Bivalve products are available in widths of 1200, 1400, 1600 mm. Utility rooms such as a pantry, dressing room can be equipped with doors 50 cm wide, if convenient for residents.
If earlier, during previous repairs, the dimensions of the opening were adjusted, the standard design for it would be unacceptable - you would need to use an extension or extension of the entrance, sufficient for a quality installation.
Thickness is dense
The thickness of the interior door leaf depends on its purpose, the design of the object surrounding its premises, the thickness of the walls. Wooden paneled are quite massive, made of plywood or chipboard have a thickness of 30 mm. The sound insulation level of a particular room, the strength of the product, its durability, and the general appearance depend on this parameter.
Hinged, sliding structures can have a thickness of about 20 mm, the original design - 35-45 mm.Products with a thickness of 55-65 mm look solid, expensive, but in apartments with excessively thin walls are inappropriate. Doors, almost completely made of tempered glass, will be 8-13 mm thick, they look stylish, elegant, the box is made as standard.
When the door frame is thicker than the wall, an extension is used, in the form of specially prepared slats, forming a portal.
How to make measurements of the opening
To determine what size the product is required, invite a professional measurer or do the work yourself. In order not to make a mistake with the final result, one should take into account whether the floors are already installed or not. In the latter case, it is required to know the thickness of the planned flooring, how much to leave for free opening and closing.
How to measure:
measurements are made by metal tape with a wooden, plastic meter, but not with a soft centimeter tape;
the measuring device must be kept as horizontal as possible to obtain exact width parameters, strictly vertically when measuring height;
the door block is completely removed, cleaned of plaster, other finishing materials so that the contours of the entrance are as clear as possible;
the width is recommended to be measured in three to four different places - bottom, top, middle;
height is obtained when measuring from the floor level to the upper points of the passage, also in two or three places;
the thickness of the piers is also important - they are measured in different places of the vertical, horizontal slopes.
Calculations of proportionality of the door frame to the opening
According to SNiP, the ratios of door leaves with a box are as follows:
6 at 0.76;
7 at 0.87;
8 on 0.97;
9 on 1.1;
2 to 1.3;
4 to 1.5;
5 on 1.6.
There are other parameters: in brick buildings, with a wall height of 2.25 m, the concrete lintel above the doors is at a height of 1.88 m, in monolithic buildings - 1.87 m, in wooden buildings with a ceiling height of 1.97 m, the lintel is mounted 1.85 m from the floor.
When the thickness of the opening is much greater than the box itself, its perimeter, except for the lower part, is formed by slopes of a suitable look in style.
Sizing of double doors
Double doors can be sliding or hinged. Most often they are installed in the living room. The most common parameters of double structures: the width of each leaf is 65 cm, the height is 230 cm. The width of the wings can be unequal: 40 plus 90, 40 plus 60, 50 plus 70, 55 plus 80, etc. The opening itself can be 100, 110 , 120, 130, 135, 150 cm. The width of the box is 4-6 cm.
One and a half structures also have two doors of different widths - the smallest of them opens extremely rarely, only in order to introduce large-sized pieces of furniture, household appliances, etc. The width of the opening under them is 1310, 1510, 1550 mm, height - 2070-2370 mm , the thickness depends on the specific model, there is no special marking. The shape of the product is made arched or rectangular.
A variety of door designs
The minimum and maximum parameters of typical doors between rooms are prescribed in the standards, there are also several options for the design itself. It consists of a canvas, hinges, a box, an upper crossbar, a lock with a handle and a mate. The threshold is not provided everywhere - its presence is often inconvenient. Doors for built-in wardrobes, including the "compartment" type, are made as thin and smooth as possible so as not to clutter up the room. Balcony have transparent glazing, are mounted as tight as possible, protecting the room from the cold from the street.
The modern choice of interior models allows you to design rooms of any interior style. The dimensions of the product should maximally correspond to the area of the room in which they are installed - wide, high in small rooms are inappropriate. The color of the door is most often matched to the tone of the floor, skirting boards, matching or contrasting sharply with the walls.Wooden and panel products are suitable for the classical style, glass for minimalism, MDF for modern, rough, shabby, artificially aged for the loft, plastic will decorate the pop art style, metal ones look the best in modern hi-tech style.
Door structures are made “left” and “right”, differing in the direction of opening. In each case, the most convenient option is selected. The door should be easy to close, not to open spontaneously from the slight movement of air, not to creak, not to jam. The accessories are chosen for a certain style of interior, giving the product integrity, completeness. According to the method of opening and closing, there are sliding (significantly save space), cassette (under them part of the wall will have to be disassembled), folding ("accordion", designed for wide openings), "swinging" (opening in both directions) options.
When there are several doors in one room, they are all designed in the same style.
Conclusion
Interior, entrance, other doors can be very different, they are intended for openings of various depths, generally having parameters standardized by GOST. The dimensions of all the openings are planned at the construction stage of the building, before the start of finishing, but sometimes it is necessary to pick up the door later. The width of the product is indicated on the layout of the room, the height depends on the ceiling level. Installation of door structures is done with your own hands or with the participation of invited specialists.
Doors - one of the most important design elements of any room. Through them, the entrance, exit from the house, apartment, office is made, because this element quickly wears out, requiring replacement. The standardized dimensions of interior doors simplify the task of selecting a door leaf that is suitable in size. The doorway to any room is made out with an ordinary or double-leaf product. Design, workmanship, and thickness vary widely.
Content
Main functions, purposes
Replacement of existing doors is carried out during major or minor repairs. Dimensions of the construction is not always possible to "fit" under the existing opening, the latter is even more difficult to fix. The front door protects the apartment, the house from unwanted visitors and thefts, the interior products have slightly different functions
The door structure can be different in height, width, made out with transparent, frosted, patterned, stained glass or it can be completely “deaf”. Interior devices are made of natural wood, particleboard, plastic, glass, MDF, several materials at the same time.
GOST requirement for interior doors, openings
State standards determined the optimal dimensions of interior products, taking into account the width, length, thickness of doorways. Manufacturers usually adhere to these frames, but on request they create objects with any dimensions. Their cost is negotiated individually, exceeding the usual by 20-50%. Most often this is done during redevelopment, as well as in private homes.
The basic requirements for doorways are as follows:
Before installation, it is necessary to study the current norms of SNiP, believing whether the purchased item corresponds to them. This is necessary for high-quality installation, convenient, safe use by all family members.
Door marking
The marking of door structures located between rooms is decoded according to the table:
Dimensions of interior doors
The dimensions of door structures vary widely for single-wing and double-wing models. For different rooms, their standard parameters are as follows:
The threshold height is calculated separately, although it is not always required; it should be present only in the bathroom, toilet, and entrance structure.
Opening dimensions
The parameters required by state standards are strictly regulated. The opening height is 2060/2090, 2160/2190 or 2260/2290, the width is 630/650, 680/700, 780/800, 880/900, 980/1000.The width of the opening for a double-leaf product is 1280/1300, 1480/1500, 1580/1600. The standard depth of the interior opening is 7 cm for the premises of the bathroom, kitchen, from 7 to 20 - for living rooms. Below, between the canvas and the floor, it is necessary to leave a gap: under the kitchen door - 15-19 mm, under all the others - 4-12 mm, on top - 3-4 mm.
Box sizes
The door frame is made commensurate with the canvas, exceeding its parameters within certain limits. A box is usually sold complete with a door, forming a door unit. The gap between the blade and the box is 3-4 mm on each side. This distance is necessary for easy closing-opening, fastening on loops.
With a door leaf size of 550 by 1880 mm, the door frame block will be 615 by 1923 mm, the desired opening size is 635 by 1935 mm, the external dimensions of the structure with platbands are 750 by 2000 mm. When the door has dimensions of 600 by 1900 mm, with a box it will be 665 by 1943 mm, the opening - 685 by 1955 mm, with platbands 800 by 2020 mm and so on, respectively. General parameters of the height from the floor: if the door is 200 cm, with the box it will be 207 cm, and at 230 cm - 237 cm, etc.
Sizes of a cloth
According to the standard, the height of the door leaf of any door is 2000, 2100 or 2200 mm, the width of a single structure is 550-900 mm. Bivalve products are available in widths of 1200, 1400, 1600 mm. Utility rooms such as a pantry, dressing room can be equipped with doors 50 cm wide, if convenient for residents.
If earlier, during previous repairs, the dimensions of the opening were adjusted, the standard design for it would be unacceptable - you would need to use an extension or extension of the entrance, sufficient for a quality installation.
Thickness is dense
The thickness of the interior door leaf depends on its purpose, the design of the object surrounding its premises, the thickness of the walls. Wooden paneled are quite massive, made of plywood or chipboard have a thickness of 30 mm. The sound insulation level of a particular room, the strength of the product, its durability, and the general appearance depend on this parameter.
Hinged, sliding structures can have a thickness of about 20 mm, the original design - 35-45 mm.Products with a thickness of 55-65 mm look solid, expensive, but in apartments with excessively thin walls are inappropriate. Doors, almost completely made of tempered glass, will be 8-13 mm thick, they look stylish, elegant, the box is made as standard.
How to make measurements of the opening
To determine what size the product is required, invite a professional measurer or do the work yourself. In order not to make a mistake with the final result, one should take into account whether the floors are already installed or not. In the latter case, it is required to know the thickness of the planned flooring, how much to leave for free opening and closing.
How to measure:
Calculations of proportionality of the door frame to the opening
According to SNiP, the ratios of door leaves with a box are as follows:
There are other parameters: in brick buildings, with a wall height of 2.25 m, the concrete lintel above the doors is at a height of 1.88 m, in monolithic buildings - 1.87 m, in wooden buildings with a ceiling height of 1.97 m, the lintel is mounted 1.85 m from the floor.
Sizing of double doors
Double doors can be sliding or hinged. Most often they are installed in the living room. The most common parameters of double structures: the width of each leaf is 65 cm, the height is 230 cm. The width of the wings can be unequal: 40 plus 90, 40 plus 60, 50 plus 70, 55 plus 80, etc. The opening itself can be 100, 110 , 120, 130, 135, 150 cm. The width of the box is 4-6 cm.
One and a half structures also have two doors of different widths - the smallest of them opens extremely rarely, only in order to introduce large-sized pieces of furniture, household appliances, etc. The width of the opening under them is 1310, 1510, 1550 mm, height - 2070-2370 mm , the thickness depends on the specific model, there is no special marking. The shape of the product is made arched or rectangular.
A variety of door designs
The minimum and maximum parameters of typical doors between rooms are prescribed in the standards, there are also several options for the design itself. It consists of a canvas, hinges, a box, an upper crossbar, a lock with a handle and a mate. The threshold is not provided everywhere - its presence is often inconvenient. Doors for built-in wardrobes, including the "compartment" type, are made as thin and smooth as possible so as not to clutter up the room. Balcony have transparent glazing, are mounted as tight as possible, protecting the room from the cold from the street.
The modern choice of interior models allows you to design rooms of any interior style. The dimensions of the product should maximally correspond to the area of the room in which they are installed - wide, high in small rooms are inappropriate. The color of the door is most often matched to the tone of the floor, skirting boards, matching or contrasting sharply with the walls.Wooden and panel products are suitable for the classical style, glass for minimalism, MDF for modern, rough, shabby, artificially aged for the loft, plastic will decorate the pop art style, metal ones look the best in modern hi-tech style.
Door structures are made “left” and “right”, differing in the direction of opening. In each case, the most convenient option is selected. The door should be easy to close, not to open spontaneously from the slight movement of air, not to creak, not to jam. The accessories are chosen for a certain style of interior, giving the product integrity, completeness.
According to the method of opening and closing, there are sliding (significantly save space), cassette (under them part of the wall will have to be disassembled), folding ("accordion", designed for wide openings), "swinging" (opening in both directions) options.
Conclusion
Interior, entrance, other doors can be very different, they are intended for openings of various depths, generally having parameters standardized by GOST. The dimensions of all the openings are planned at the construction stage of the building, before the start of finishing, but sometimes it is necessary to pick up the door later. The width of the product is indicated on the layout of the room, the height depends on the ceiling level. Installation of door structures is done with your own hands or with the participation of invited specialists.